implementation

Examples of implementation in the following topics:

• Policy Implementation

  • Policy implementation is the fourth phase of the policy cycle in which adopted policies are put into effect.
  • The implementation of policy refers to actually enacting the proposed solutions.
  • Whether a given policy has been implemented successfully depends on three major criteria:
  • The judiciary may overrule the implementation of such policies.
  • Describe how policies are implemented and the challenges that accompany the process

• State Initiatives Against Affirmative Action

  • States and the federal government have argued about the appropriate implementation of affirmative action policies.
  • Since the implementation of state policies resisting affirmative action programs, the federal government has pushed back to ensure that affirmative action policies are implemented.
  • Congress passed Section 717 of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and Section 501 of the Rehabilitation Act, both of which require all U.S. federal agencies to implement affirmative employment opportunity programs for all federal employees.
  • Thus, one can see that affirmative action policies and programs have gone back and forth between the states and federal government, typically with state voters trying to limit the reach of affirmative action and the federal government insisting on implementation.

• Policy Adoption

  • Policy adoption is the third phase of the policy process in which policies are adopted by government bodies for future implementation.
  • Once the relevant government bodies adopt policies, they move into the next phase of the policy process, policy implementation.

• The New Deal: Cooperative Federalism and the Growth of the National Government

  • There are significant advantages in a federal system to obtain state assistance in the local implementation of federal programs.
  • Implementing programs through national employees would increase the size and intrusiveness of the national government and local implementation may assure the programs are implemented taking local conditions into account.
  • While the federal system places limits on the ability of the national government to require implementation by a state executive branch or its local political subdivisions, that limitation does not apply in the same way to state judicial systems.

• Federal Mandates

  • Federal Mandates are used to implement activities to state and local governments since the post-New Deal era.
  • During the 1970s, the national government promoted education, mental health, and environmental programs by implementing grant projects at a state and local level.
  • During the Reagan Administration , Executive Order 12291 and the State and Local Cost Estimate Act of 1981 were passed, implementing a careful examination of the true costs of federal unfunded mandates.
  • They implemented a careful examination of the true costs of federal unfunded mandates.

• Policy Evaluation

  • Administrators seeking to improve operations may assess policies as they are being implemented.
  • After policies have been implemented they can be further evaluated to understand their overall effectiveness.
  • Formal and scientific research is time consuming, complicated to design and implement, and costly.

• Making Policy

  • The actual development and implementation of policies are under the purview of different bureaucratic institutions.
  • However, the actual development and implementation of policies are under the purview of different bureaucratic institutions mainly comprised cabinet departments, independent executive agencies, government corporations, and regulatory agencies.

• Promoting Public Welfare and Income Redistribution

  • Americans vote for candidates whom they believe have their best interests in mind; American political candidates (and the bureaucracy they marshall) seek to implement policies that will support the welfare of the American public.
  • The United States has a long political history of seeking to implement policy to promote public welfare.
  • Under the auspices of the New Deal, President Roosevelt implemented programs that have lasted to the present day, such as Social Security .
  • Johnson assisted with the implementation of his Great Society initiative.

• Climate Change

  • Global warming policy can be quite contentious because competing interests get involved in the policy-making and implementation process.
  • As with all environmental policy, global warming policies can be quite contentious because competing interests get involved in the policy-making and implementation process.

• Investigation

  • Congressional oversight is the review, monitoring, and supervision of federal agencies, programs, activities, and policy implementation.
  • Congressional oversight refers to the review, monitoring, and supervision of federal agencies, programs, activities, and policy implementation.