Examples of fighting words in the following topics:
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- Within these limited areas, other limitations on free speech balance rights to free speech and other rights, such as rights for authors and inventors over their works and discoveries (copyright and patent), protection from imminent or potential violence against particular persons (restrictions on fighting words), or the use of untruths to harm others (slander).
- " in a crowded movie theater); fighting words (which are words that are likely to induce the listener to get in a fight); true threats; obscenity; child pornography; defamation; invasion of privacy; intentional infliction of emotional distress; or certain kinds of commercial, government, or student speech.
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- An example of how the indexing technique can be applied to separate the different meanings of words can be seen in the following analysis of "segregation" and "integration", surely two of the most contentious terms in today's political vocabulary.
- Although clarifying the meaning of terms will not automatically bring conflicting political positions into harmony, clarifying what the various camps are fighting about may be an important step towards a mutually agreeable settlement.
- This kind of segregation is sometimes called de facto, in itself an acknowledgment that the word does not always mean the same thing.
- Words which appear to be connected with integration2 include "racial quotas", "bussing", and "affirmative action", in one of its possible senses (In its other sense, which appears to have been the original intention of Congress in enacting legislation requiring it, "affirmative action" meant special actions to bring job and other opportunities to the attention of minorities so more would put themselves forward to be considered applicants, but it did not require or perhaps even contemplate preferential treatment of particular individuals on racial grounds).
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- As we have seen in Chapter 2, above, the word law as commonly used expresses three wildly different meanings when observed from the perspective of the periodic table of human associations.
- But this word is hardly unique in its ambiguity, and we need to remember that many of the words used in politics and in the analysis of politics may mean quite different things from time to time and from person to person.
- It is therefore useful to find techniques which can help us to sort out the different meanings expressed by a single word.
- One such technique is to add different index numbers to a word when it is being used to mean different things.
- An index number is merely a small number placed just after and slightly lower than the word being indexed.
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- This person lacks words such as chain, tire, derailleur, cable, brake, handlebar, axle, gear, pedal, you name it, and he also lacks the concepts or ideas to which these words now point.
- The word laws—defined herein as general rules of action enforceable by sanctions—is an old word with a new, precise meaning.
- The word coopetition—defined as conflict over how to divide up the benefits produced by cooperation—is a new word invented specially to use with the new definition.
- Originally, I had no special word for this meaning.
- ) when I used the word law in this sense.
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- Variation four, $D \rightarrow X + Y$ , refers to the act of defining a word in a certain way.
- Rather, a stipulative definition is merely a statement of what the decision maker intends to mean when using the word in question.
- One option is to invent a new word to point to the definition, or get someone else to do so.
- One of my students, Doug Chamberlin, kindly invented a new word to point to my definition: coopetition.
- The other option is to borrow an already existing word whose general meaning is close to your new definition, and announce that when you use this word, this is what you mean.
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- Another example is the aid efforts for refugees felling from the fighting in Bosnia and Kosovo in 1993 and 1999, respectively .
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- The translator's goal may be to convey the meaning expressed by the words being translated as closely as possible.
- In this event he or she may have to decide which of several possible meanings of the words is the meaning for this purpose, and will also have to determine which alternative translations will best convey that meaning.
- On the other hand the translator may be primarily interested in manipulating the behavior of people via the power of words.
- The authenticity of the translation then becomes of secondary importance at best, and the principal issue becomes: what words, labeled as the results of translation, will be most likely to encourage the people who read them to act in the ways desired by the translator?
- The most obvious potential for this second kind of translation—translation with a hidden agenda—exists when the words being translated come from a document which people tend to regard as authoritative. * When the document being "translated" is in the same language as that it is translated into, we normally use the term interpret rather than translate, but here too there are abundant opportunities for a hidden agenda. **
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- This is not to say that Jackson was a states' rights extremist; indeed, the Nullification Crisis would find Jackson fighting against what he perceived as state encroachments on the proper sphere of federal influence.
- Despite this, Jackson did not actively seek to destroy or fight the Bank, only vetoing the Bank's recharter and subsequently pulling out federal reserves.
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- The fight for ratification was long and difficult.
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- The words originated from the phrasing of the principle in the Latin maxim Stare decisis et non quieta movere: "to stand by decisions and not disturb the undisturbed. " In a legal context, this is understood to mean that courts should generally abide by precedent and not disturb settled matters.
- In other words, stare decisis applies to the holding of a case, or, the exact wording of the case.