Section 5
Metabolic Reactions
By Boundless
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/20512/square/ruvate-20to-20acetyl-20coa.jpeg)
After glycolysis, pyruvate is converted into acetyl CoA in order to enter the citric acid cycle.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/18837/square/figure-07-03-02.jpeg)
The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that produces two carbon dioxide molecules, one GTP/ATP, and reduced forms of NADH and FADH2.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/20511/square/cellular-20respiration.jpeg)
Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/18838/square/figure-07-04-01.jpeg)
The electron transport chain uses the electrons from electron carriers to create a chemical gradient that can be used to power oxidative phosphorylation.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/31855/square/convert-crop-0-0-1051-744.jpg)
The amount of energy (as ATP) gained from glucose catabolism varies across species and depends on other related cellular processes.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/20525/square/ron-transport-chain-simple.jpg)
Catabolic pathways are controlled by enzymes, proteins, electron carriers, and pumps that ensure that the remaining reactions can proceed.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/18827/square/figure-07-00-01.jpeg)
Cellular respiration is the process of transforming chemical energy into forms usable by the cell or organism.