Examples of posterior pituitary in the following topics:
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- The posterior pituitary secretes two important endocrine hormones—oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone.
- The posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system.
- The posterior pituitary is composed of two parts:
- The posterior pituitary stores two hormones secreted by the hypothalamus for later release:
- Identify the location of the posterior pituitary and the hormones associated with it
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- The pituitary gland consists of the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary.
- The pituitary gland consists of two components: the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary, and is functionally linked to the hypothalamus by the pituitary stalk (also named the infundibular stem, or simply the infundibulum).
- Whilst the pituitary gland is known as the master endocrine gland, both of the lobes are under the control of the hypothalamus: the anterior pituitary receives its signals from the parvocellular neurons, and the posterior pituitary receives its signals from magnocellular neurons.
- The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland develops as an extension of the hypothalamus.
- The anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary (hypophysis) gland are shown.
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- The pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea.
- The pituitary is functionally connected to the hypothalamus by a small tube called the infundibular stem, or, pituitary stalk.
- The pituitary gland secretes hormones that regulate homeostasis.
- The pituitary gland is divided into two parts, the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary.
- The posterior pituitary does not produce any hormones of its own, rather, it stores and secretes two hormones made in the hypothalamus—oxytocin and
anti-diuretic hormone.
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- A collection of endocrine glands makes up the endocrine system: the pituitary (anterior and posterior lobes), thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal (cortex and medulla), pancreas and gonads.
- The pituitary gland consists of two major regions, the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis) and the posterior pituitary gland (neurohypophysis).
- Communication between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary occurs through neurosecretory cells that span the short distance between them.
- Hormones produced by the cell bodies of the neurosecretory cells are packaged in vesicles and transported through the axon and stored in the axon terminals that lie in the posterior pituitary.
- Differentiate among the types of endocrine glands (pituitary [posterior pituitary, anterior pituitary], thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pancreas) in the endocrine system
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- A major organ of the endocrine system, the anterior pituitary (also called the adenohypophysis) is the glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
- The fleshy, glandular anterior pituitary is distinct from the neural composition of the posterior pituitary.
- The anterior pituitary is composed of multiple parts:
- Pars distalis: This is the distal part that comprises the majority of the anterior pituitary; it is where most pituitary hormone production occurs.
- Pars intermedia: This is the intermediate part that sits between the pars distalis and the posterior pituitary and is often very small in humans.
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- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), produced by the pituitary gland, controls the amount of water that is reabsorbed through the collecting ducts.
- ADH is a hormone secreted from the posterior pituitary gland in response to increased plasma osmolarity (ie. increased ion concentration in the blood), which is generally due to increased concentration of ions relative to volume of plasma, or decreased plasma volume.
- The increased plasma osmolarity is sensed by osmoreceptors in hypothalamus, which will stimulate the posterior pituitary gland to release ADH.
- A common example is alcohol and water ingestion, which directly inhibit ADH secretion in the pituitary gland.
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- Briefly, neurons in the hypothalamus secrete thyroid-releasing hormone that stimulate cells in the anterior pituitary to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone.
- The hormone oxytocin is produced by the posterior pituitary that stimulates and enhances contractions during labor.
- During birth, as the baby moves through the birth canal, pressure receptors within the cervix signal the hypothalamus to stimulate the pituitary to secrete oxytocin.
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- Disorders of pituitary gland can affect hormones which regulate growth and activity of other glands in the body.
- The pituitary is a "small, pea-sized gland" located at the base of the brain .
- Most of the hormones in the anterior pituitary are each part of an axis that is regulated by the hypothalamus.
- The hormones of the posterior pituitary are produced in the hypothalamus and are carried by nerve endings to the posterior lobe.
- There are multiple ways of treating pituitary adenomas.
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- Anterior and posterior are sometimes used in place of superior and inferior, respectively.
- Anterior refers to the side of the structure facing up in the standard anatomical position while posterior refers to the bottom side.
- For example, the pituitary gland has an anterior and posterior side, each of which secretes different types of hormones.
- Dorsal and ventral are sometimes used in place of anterior and posterior, respectively.
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- The main endocrine glands are the hypothalamus (neuro-endocrine gland), pituitary (anterior and posterior lobes), thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal (cortex and medulla), pancreas, and gonads.
- This hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, is known as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
- The thyroid gland enlarges, in the continued presence of TSH from the pituitary, to form a goiter.
- Normally, thyroid hormones act via a negative feedback loop on the pituitary to decrease stimulation of the thyroid.
- Pituitary gland 3.