dura mater

Examples of dura mater in the following topics:

• Meninges

  • In mammals, the meninges consist of three layers: the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater .
  • The dura mater is a sac that envelops the arachnoid and has been modified to serve several functions.
  • Normally, the dura mater is attached to the skull or to the bones of the vertebral canal in the spinal cord.
  • The arachnoid is attached to the dura mater, while the pia mater is attached to the central nervous system tissue.
  • A subdural hematoma is a hematoma (collection of blood) located in a separation of the arachnoid from the dura mater.

• Body Cavity Membranes

  • In mammals, the meninges consist of three layers: the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater .
  • The dura mater is a thick, durable membrane, closest to the skull.
  • The dura mater is composed of dense fibrous tissue, and its inner surface is covered by flattened cells like those present on the surfaces of the pia mater and arachnoid mater.
  • The dura mater is a sac which envelops the arachnoid and has been modified to serve several functions.
  • The dura mater surrounds and supports the large venous channels (dural sinuses) carrying blood from the brain toward the heart.

• Synovial Membranes

  • In mammals, the meninges consist of three layers: the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater .
  • The dura mater is a thick, durable membrane which lies closest to the skull.
  • The pia mater is the innermost layer of the meninges.
  • Normally, the dura mater is attached to the skull or to the bones of the vertebral canal in the spinal cord.
  • The arachnoid is attached to the dura mater, while the pia mater is attached to the central nervous system tissue.

• Abducens (VI) Nerve

  • It runs upward between the pons and the clivus, and then pierces the dura mater to run between the dura and the skull.

• Oculomotor (III) Nerve

  • On emerging from the brain, the nerve is invested with a sheath of pia mater and enclosed in a prolongation from the arachnoid mater.
  • It passes between the superior cerebellar (below) and posterior cerebral arteries (above), and then pierces the dura mater anterior and lateral to the posterior clinoid process (gives attachment to the tectorium cerebella), passing between the free and attached borders of the tentorium cerebelli.

• Epidural Anesthesia

  • The needle for the epidural is injected between vertebra into the space outside the dura mater of the spinal cord.

• Overview of the Spinal Cord

  • The dura mater is the outermost layer, and it forms a tough protective coating.
  • The space between the dura mater and the surrounding bone of the vertebrae is called the epidural space.
  • The middle layer is called the arachnoid mater.
  • The pia mater is the innermost protective layer and is tightly associated with the surface of the spinal cord.
  • The space between the arachnoid and pia maters is called the subarachnoid space and is where the CSF is located.

• Autopsy

  • The forceps (center) are retracting the dura mater (white).
  • Underneath the dura mater are the leptomeninges, which appear to be edematous and have multiple small hemorrhagic foci.

• Injuries to Nerves Emerging from the Brachial Plexus

  • The epineurium of the nerve is contiguous with the dura mater, providing extra support to the nerve.

• Optic (II) Nerve

  • The optic nerve is ensheathed in all three meningeal layers (dura, arachnoid, and pia mater) rather than the epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium found in the peripheral nerves.