Examples of bone scan in the following topics:
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- Bone scans are a special type of nuclear scanning test that is often used to find bone cancer or bone inflammation.
- A bone scan picks up excessive osteoblastic activity, so it is useful for finding metastasized cancer tumors in the bone.
- A bone scan is a nuclear scanning test to find certain abnormalities in bone that are triggering the bone's attempts to heal.
- A nuclear bone scan is a functional test, which means it measures an aspect of bone metabolism or bone remodeling .
- Not all tumors are easily seen on the bone scan.
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- Paget's disease is a chronic bone disorder that causes affected bones to become large and misshapen.
- Paget's disease of bone is a chronic disorder that can result in enlarged and misshapen bones.
- The excessive breakdown and formation of bone tissue causes affected bone to weaken, resulting in pain, misshapen bones, fractures, and arthritis in the joints near the affected bones.
- If the alkaline phosphatase level is above normal, other tests such as a bone-specific alkaline phosphatase test, bone scan, or X-ray can be performed.
- The bone hypercellularity may then diminish, leaving a dense "pagetic bone," also known as burned-out Paget's disease .
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- Erythrocytes are continuously produced in the red bone marrow of large bones at a rate of about 2 million cells per second in a healthy adult.
- Erythrocytes differentiate from erythrotropietic bone marrow cells, a type of hemopoietic stem cell found in bone marrow.
- Unlike mature RBCs, bone marrow cells contain a nucleus.
- Just before and after leaving the bone marrow, the developing cells are known as reticulocytes.
- The bilirubin is excreted through the digestive system in the form of bile, while some of the iron is released into the plasma to be recirculated back into the bone marrow by a carrier protein called transferrin.
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- Hyperparathyroidism was first described in 1925 and the symptoms have collectively become known as "moans, groans, stones, and bones. " By far, the most common symptom is fatigue, but depression, memory loss, and bone aches are also very common.
- The most common and most accurate test to find a parathyroid tumor is the Sestamibi scan.
- This scan requires some expertise to perform, and, many times, the scan is negative because of lack of experience and poor technique.
- Even if a patient has a non-localizing Sestamibi scan (a negative sestamibi scan), he/she should almost always have a neck exploration to remove the tumor if he/she has high calcium levels, among other symptoms.
- Minimally-invasive parathyroid surgery is becoming more available, but, depending on the expertise of the surgeon, the patient may need to have a positive sestamibi scan before a minimally-invasive operation is attempted.
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- All the bones in the body can be described as long bones or flat bones.
- Bone is made of bone tissue, a type of dense connective
tissue.
- Cortical bone
is compact bone, while cancellous bone is trabecular and spongy bone.
- The outer shell of the long bone is compact bone, below which lies a deeper layer of cancellous bone (spongy bone), as shown in the following figure.
- These are flat bone, sutural bone, short bone, irregular, sesamoid bone, and long bone.
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- Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone in order to repair bone fractures.
- Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone in order to repair bone fractures that are extremely complex, pose a significant health risk to the patient, or fail to heal properly .
- Bone grafts may be autologous (bone harvested from the patient's own body, often from the iliac crest), allograft (cadaveric bone usually obtained from a bone bank), or synthetic (often made of hydroxyapatite or other naturally-occurring and biocompatible substances) with similar mechanical properties to bone.
- Most bone grafts are expected to be reabsorbed and replaced as the natural bone heals over a few months' time.
- Bone grafting is also used to fuse joints to prevent movement, repair broken bones that have bone loss, and repair broken bone that has not yet healed.
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- The basic microscopic unit of bone is an osteon, which can be arranged into woven bone or lamellar bone.
- Bones are composed of bone matrix, which has both organic and inorganic components.
- Osteons can be arranged into woven bone or lamellar bone.
- Woven bone is replaced by lamellar bone during development.
- Lamellar bone makes up the compact or cortical bone in the skeleton, such as the long bones of the legs and arms.
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- Bone remodeling or bone turnover is the process of resorption followed by replacement of bone and occurs throughout a person's life.
- Bone volume is determined by the rates of bone formation and bone resorption.
- Numerous bone-derived growth factors have been isolated and classified via bone cultures.
- Essentially, bone growth factors may act as potential determinants of local bone formation.
- Bone tissue is removed by osteoclasts, and then new bone tissue is formed by osteoblasts.
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- The nasal septum is the bone and cartilage in the nose that separates the nasal cavity into the two nostrils.
- This CT scan shows a deviated septum in the nasal cavity.
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- The neurocranium is comprised of eight bones: occipital, two temporal bones, two parietal bones, sphenoid, ethmoid, and the frontal bone.
- The neurocranium consists
of the occipital bone, two temporal bones, two parietal bones, the sphenoid,
ethmoid, and frontal bones—all are joined together with sutures.
- The occipital bone borders the parietal bones through the
heavily serrated lambdoidal suture, and also the temporal bones through
occipitomastoid suture.
- The squamosal suture separates the parietal bone and
squama portion of temporal bone.
- The frontal bone borders two other
neurocranial bones—the parietal bones through the coronal sutures and the
sphenoid bone through the sphenofrontal suture.