Inorganic Compounds

The orientation of hydrogen bonds as water changes states dictates the properties of water in its gaseous, liquid, and solid forms.

Acids dissociate into H⁺ and lower pH, while bases dissociate into OH^- and raise pH; buffers can absorb these excess ions to maintain pH.

Some salts, such as ammonium bicarbonate (NH₄HCO₃), contain cations and anions that can both undergo hydrolysis.