Examples of Polyketides in the following topics:
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Polyketide Antibiotics
- Polyketides are secondary metabolites produced from bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals.
- Polyketides are secondary metabolites produced from bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals.
- The polyketide chains produced by a minimal polyketide synthase are often further derivitized and modified into bioactive natural products.
- Polyketides are synthesized by one or more specialized and highly complex polyketide synthase (PKS) enzymes.
- Describe the characteristics associated with polyketides, including: type I, II and III polyketides
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Nonribosomal Peptide Antibiotics
- The biosynthesis of nonribosomal peptides shares characteristics with the polyketide and fatty acid biosynthesis.
- Due to these structural and mechanistic similarities, some nonribosomal peptide synthetases contain polyketide synthase modules for the insertion of acetate or propionate-derived subunits into the peptide chain.
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Damage to Proteins and Nucleic Acids
- Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of Actinobacteria, indicated for use against many bacterial infections.
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Fungi
- Many fungal species produce bioactive compounds called mycotoxins, such as alkaloids and polyketides that are toxic to animals including humans, contributing to pathogenecity and disease.
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Lipid Biosynthesis
- Using this approach, lipids may be divided into eight categories: fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, saccharolipids, and polyketides (derived from condensation of ketoacyl subunits); and sterol lipids and prenol lipids (derived from condensation of isoprene subunits ).