assimilatory sulfate reduction

(noun)

The reduction of 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate, a more elaborated sulfateester, leads also to hydrogen sulfide, the product used in biosynthesis (e.g., for the production of cysteine because the sulfate sulfur is assimilated).

Related Terms

Examples of assimilatory sulfate reduction in the following topics:

  • The Sulfur Cycle

    • Plants and microbes assimilate sulfate and convert it into organic forms.
    • Lots of bacteria reduce small amounts of sulfates to synthesize sulfur-containing cell components; this is known as assimilatory sulfate reduction.
    • By contrast, the sulfate-reducing bacteria considered here reduce sulfate in large amounts to obtain energy and expel the resulting sulfide as waste.
    • This process is known as dissimilatory sulfate reduction.
    • In a sense, they breathe sulfate.

  • Sulfate and Sulfur Reduction

    • Sulfate reduction is a type of anaerobic respiration that utilizes sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
    • Sulfate reduction is a type of anaerobic respiration that utilizes sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
    • The hydrogen produced during fermentation is actually what drives respiration during sulfate reduction.
    • Many bacteria reduce small amounts of sulfates in order to synthesize sulfur-containing cell components; this is known as assimilatory sulfate reduction.
    • Outline the process of sulfate and sulfur reduction including its various purposes

  • Electron Donors and Acceptors in Anaerobic Respiration

    • Instead, molecules such as sulfate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), or sulfur (S) are used as electron acceptors.
    • Nitrate, like oxygen, has a high reduction potential.
    • Sulfate reduction uses sulfate (SO2−4) as the electron acceptor, producing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a metabolic end product.
    • Sulfate reduction is a relatively energetically poor process, and is used by many Gram negative bacteria found within the δ-Proteobacteria.
    • Sulfate reduction requires the use of electron donors, such as the carbon compounds lactate and pyruvate (organotrophic reducers), or hydrogen gas (lithotrophic reducers).

  • Archaeoglobus

    • Archaeoglobus are sulfate-reducing archaea, coupling the reduction of sulfate to sulfide with the oxidation of many different organic carbon sources, including complex polymers.
    • Archaeoglobus are lithotrophs, and can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic.The archaeoglobus strain A. lithotrophicus are lithoautotrophs, and derive their energy from hydrogen, sulfate and carbon dioxide.

  • Microbial Ore Leaching

    • In the process, free electrons are generated and used for the reduction of oxygen to water which produces energy in the bacterial cell.
    • The net products of the reaction are soluble ferrous sulfate and sulfuric acid.

  • Oxidation of Reduced Sulfur Compounds

    • Biochemically, reduced sulfur compounds are converted to sulfite (SO2−3) and, subsequently, sulfate (SO2−4) by the enzyme sulfite oxidase.
    • Some organisms, however, accomplish the same oxidation using a reversal of the APS reductase system used by sulfate-reducing bacteria (see above).
    • Marine autotrophic Beggiatoa species are able to oxidize intracellular sulfur to sulfate.
    • The reduction of elemental sulfur frequently occurs when oxygen is lacking.

  • The Acetyl-CoA Pathway

    • The acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) pathway, commonly referred to as the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway or the reductive acetyl-CoA pathway, is one of the major metabolic pathways utilized by bacteria.
    • The acetyl-CoA pathway begins with the reduction of a carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide.
    • Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, the enzyme responsible for the reduction of a carbon dioxide to a carbonyl group, functions in numerous biochemical processes.
    • These processes include metabolism of methanogens, acetogenic and sulfate-reducing bacteria.

  • Wetland Soils

    • Some anaerobic microbial processes include denitrification , sulfate reduction and methanogenesis and are responsible for the release of N2 (nitrogen), H2S (hydrogen sulfide) and CH4 (methane).
    • Redox potential, or reduction potential , is used to express the likelihood of an environment to receive electrons and therefore become reduced.