Warsaw Pact

Examples of Warsaw Pact in the following topics:

• NATO and the Warsaw Pact

  • The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, which formed in 1955.
  • The eight member countries of the Warsaw Pact pledged the mutual defense of any member who would be attacked.
  • Both NATO and the Warsaw Pact led to the expansion of military forces and their integration into the respective blocs.
  • Its largest military engagement was the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia (with the participation of all Pact nations except Romania).
  • Compare the two networks established by NATO and the Warsaw Pact

• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

  • The Warsaw Pact was a formal response to West Germany's integration, and clearly delineated the two opposing sides of the Cold War.
  • While the Warsaw Pact was established as a balance of power or counterweight to NATO, there was no direct confrontation between them.
  • Both NATO and the Warsaw Pact led to the expansion of military forces and their integration into the respective blocs.
  • Politically, the organization sought better relations with former Cold War rivals, which culminated with several former Warsaw Pact states joining the alliance in 1999 and 2004.
  • Members of NATO are shown in blue, mostly in western Europe plus Greece and Turkey, with members of the Warsaw Pact in red, in eastern Europe.

• Superpower Rivalry

  • -Soviet lines was reflected in the NATO and Warsaw Pact military alliances, respectively.
  • -aligned states; red/pink states are Warsaw Pact members or USSR-aligned states.

• The "New World Order"

  • Implications for NATO, the Warsaw Pact, and European integration were subsequently included.
  • Pursuant to superpower cooperation, a new role for NATO was forecast, with the organization perhaps changing into a forum for negotiation and treaty verification, or even a wholesale dissolution of NATO and the Warsaw Pact following the resurrection of the four-power framework from WWII (i.e. the U.S., United Kingdom, France, and Russia).

• The Iron Curtain

  • Member countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance and the Warsaw Pact, with the Soviet Union as the leading state
  • A series of events during and after World War II exacerbated tensions, including the Soviet-German pact during the first two years of the war leading to subsequent invasions, the perceived delay of an amphibious invasion of German-occupied Europe, the western allies' support of the Atlantic Charter, disagreement in wartime conferences over the fate of Eastern Europe, the Soviets' creation of an Eastern Bloc of Soviet satellite states, western allies scrapping the Morgenthau Plan to support the rebuilding of German industry, and the Marshall Plan.
  • Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia; all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and in some cases increasing measure of control from Moscow.
  • Warsaw Pact countries on one side of the Iron Curtain appear shaded red; NATO members on the other shaded blue; militarily neutral countries shaded gray.

• The Soviet Socialist Republics

  • During the opening stages of World War II, the Soviet Union laid the foundation for the Eastern Bloc (the name for the group of communist states of Central and Eastern Europe during the Cold War) by invading and then annexing several countries as Soviet Socialist Republics, by agreement with Nazi Germany in the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.
  • The term was coined by analogy to planetary objects orbiting a larger object, such as smaller moons revolving around larger planets, and is used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War
  • A new government formally disbanded the ÁVH, declared its intention to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact, and pledged to re-establish free elections.

• Détente and Human Rights

  • The Political Consultative Committee of the Warsaw Pact sent an offer to the West, urging to hold a summit on "security and cooperation in Europe".
  • The SALT II pact of the late 1970s built on the work of the SALT I talks, ensuring further reduction in arms by the Soviets and by the US .

• German–Soviet Treaty of Friendship

  • During the western invasion of Poland, the German Wehrmacht had taken control of the Lublin Voivodeship and eastern Warsaw Voivodeship - territories which according to the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact were in the Soviet sphere of influence.
  • Some time later the new Russian revisionists including Russian historians Alexander Dyukov and Nataliya Narotchnitskaya, whose book carried an approving foreword by the Russian foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, described the pact as a necessary measure because of the British and French failure to enter into an anti-fascist pact.
  • Vladimir Putin has also defended the pact.
  • The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi-Soviet Pact, was a neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939 by foreign ministers Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov, respectively.
  • Stalin's invasion of Bukovina in 1940 violated the pact, as it went beyond the Soviet sphere of influence agreed with the Axis.

• The Kellogg-Briand Pact

• September 1, 1939

  • The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, while the Soviet invasion commenced on 17 September following the Molotov-Tōgō agreement that terminated the Russian and Japanese hostilities in the east on 16 September. 
  • While those two countries had pacts with Poland and had declared war on Germany on 3 September, in the end their aid to Poland was very limited.
  • The Soviet Red Army's invasion of Eastern Poland on 17 September, in accordance with a secret protocol of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, rendered the Polish plan of defence obsolete.
  • All three assaults converged on the Polish capital of Warsaw.
  • Despite some Polish successes in minor border battles, German technical, operational and numerical superiority forced the Polish armies to retreat from the borders towards Warsaw and Lwów.