Tower Commission

Examples of Tower Commission in the following topics:

• The Iran-Contra Scandal

  • Several investigations ensued, including those by the United States Congress and the three-man, Reagan-appointed Tower Commission.
  • President Reagan (center) receives the Tower Commission Report in the White House Cabinet Room; John Tower is at left and Edmund Muskie is at right, 1987

• The Middle East

  • He professed ignorance of the plot's existence and appointed two Republicans and one Democrat (John Tower, Brent Scowcroft, and Edmund Muskie, collectively known as the "Tower Commission") to investigate the scandal.
  • The commission could not find direct evidence that Reagan had prior knowledge of the program, but criticized him heavily for his disengagement from managing his staff, making the diversion of funds possible.

• Central America

  • In 1999, a report on the Guatemalan Civil War from the Commission for Historical Clarification, sponsored by the United Nations, stated that "The United States demonstrated that it was willing to provide support for strong military regimes in its strategic backyard.
  • According to the Commission, between 1981 and 1983 the Guatemalan security apparatus—financed, armed, trained, and advised by the United States—destroyed 400 Mayan villages and butchered 200,000 people.
  • The United Nations (UN) Judges reviewed the C.I.A. manual issued to the Contras and determined: "The United States of America, by producing in 1983 a manual entitled 'Operaciones sicológicas en guerra de guerrillas', and disseminating it to contra forces, has encouraged the commission by them of acts contrary to general principles of humanitarian law."
  • Investigating Reagan's role in the affair, the Reagan-appointed Tower commission found no evidence of the president's involvement.

• Architecture in Assyria

  • Ziggurats in the Assyrian Empire came to be built with two towers (as opposed to the single central tower of previous styles) and decorated with colored enameled tiles.
  • Consisting of a stone foundation punctuated by seven gates, the fortress housed the emperor's palace and a ziggurat among massive load-bearing walls with regularly spaced towers.
  • Two sets were commissioned during the reign of Ashurnasirpal II and one addition set under the reign of his son Shalmaneser III (859–824 BCE).

• Architecture of the Maya

  • Most of the structures in the complex were commissioned by a powerful ruler, Lord Pakal (Maya for "shield"), who ruled from 615 to 638CE, and his two sons, who succeeded him.
  • The Palace's most unusual and recognizable feature is the four-story tower known as the Observation Tower.
  • Like many other buildings at the site, the Observation Tower exhibits a mansard roof.
  • The Palace's Observation Tower with mansard roof, Palenque, Mexico, Late Classic period

• French Architecture in the Northern Renaissance

  • The layout is reminiscent of a typical castle with a keep, corner towers, and defended by a moat.
  • The massive château is composed of a central keep with four immense bastion towers at the corners.
  • The keep also forms part of the front wall of a larger compound with two more large towers.
  • He commissioned the architect Gilles le Breton to build a château in the new Renaissance style.
  • Francis commissioned this large-scale bronze bas relief, cast in the lost wax process, as the tympanum to sit atop the Porte Dorée.

• Manuscript Printing

  • The scale of the figures is hieratic; The Virgin and Saint John the Baptist and Saint John the Evangelist tower over the donor and his wife, who are themselves slightly larger than the faithful sheltered by the Virgin's robe.
  • The painting remains in the monastery Chartreuse du Val de Bénédiction, Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, for which it was commissioned by a local clergyman, Jean de Montagny.
  • The scale of the figures is hieratic; The Virgin and Saint John the Baptist and Saint John the Evangelist tower over the donor and his wife, who are themselves slightly larger than the faithful sheltered by the Virgin's robe.

• Architecture of the Han Dynasty

  • There are Han-era literary references to tall towers found in the capital cities.
  • There are only a handful of existing ceramic models of multi-story towers from the pre-Han and Western Han eras.
  • The bulk of the hundreds of towers found so far were made during the Eastern Han period.
  • No one tower is a duplicate of the other, yet they share common features.
  • Perhaps the most direct pieces of evidence to suggest that miniature ceramic tower models are faithful representations of real-life Han timber towers are the tile patterns.

• Prisons

  • Imprisonment is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime.
  • Multiple barriers, concertina wire, electrified fencing, secured and defensible main gates, armed guard towers, lighting, motion sensors, dogs and roving patrols may all also be present, depending on the level of security.

• Painting

  • The style of much of the public art commissioned by the WPA was influenced by the work of Diego Rivera and other artists of the contemporary Mexican muralismmovement.