tobacco

Examples of tobacco in the following topics:

• Effects of Smoking

  • The health effects of tobacco are the circumstances, mechanisms, and factors of tobacco consumption on human health.
  • Epidemiological research has been focused primarily on cigarette tobacco smoking, which has been studied more extensively than any other form of consumption.
  • Tobacco is the single greatest cause of preventable death globally.
  • Also, environmental tobacco smoke, or second hand smoke, has been shown to cause adverse health effects in people of all ages.
  • Recent studies have established a stronger relationship between tobacco smoke, including secondhand smoke, and cervical cancer in women.

• The Plantation Economy and the Planter Class

  • Crops cultivated on antebellum plantations included cotton, tobacco, indigo, and rice.
  • Tobacco production is labor intensive and required thousands of slaves.
  • The wealth and influence of the so-called "tuckahoe" Virginia settlers depended on tobacco.
  • In the year 1758, Virginia exported 70,000 hogsheads of tobacco.
  • Many of the wealthy and influential men in Colonial Virginia were tobacco plantation owners.

• Chesapeake Slavery

  • The economy of the Chesapeake region revolved around tobacco and relied heavily on slave labor.
  • Each of these colonies developed a similar agricultural system that revolved around tobacco, which was later diversified with the introduction of cotton and indigo.
  • During the later part of the 17th century, the development of the Chesapeake region revolved around tobacco cultivation, which required intensive labor.
  • In this 1670 painting by an unknown artist, slaves work in tobacco-drying sheds.
  • Discuss how planters in the Chesapeake region increasingly invested in the Atlantic slave trade to support their rural tobacco-based economy.

• Slavery in the South

  • Early on, enslaved people in the South worked primarily in agriculture, on farms and plantations growing indigo, rice, and tobacco; cotton did not become a major crop until after the American Revolution.
  • Tobacco was very labor-intensive, as was rice cultivation.
  • The Chesapeake region and North Carolina thrived on tobacco production, while South Carolina and Georgia thrived on rice and indigo.
  • North Carolina continued to produce items for ships, especially turpentine and tar, and its population increased as Virginians moved there to expand their tobacco holdings.
  • Tobacco was the primary export of both Virginia and North Carolina, which increasingly came to rely on slave labor from Africa.

• The Consumer Revolution

  • Some necessities and virtually all luxuries were imported to the few small cities and the larger plantations of South Carolina and Virginia; in return, raw materials such as for tobacco, rice, and indigo were exported.
  • By the 18th century, regional patterns of development had become clear; the New England colonies relied on shipbuilding and sailing to generate wealth while plantations (many using slave labor) in Maryland, Virginia, and the Carolinas grew tobacco , rice, and indigo.
  • Tobacco became a crucial product in the consumer revolution of the colonial era and early American history.

• Plant Virus Life Cycles

  • Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) are frequently used in plant molecular biology.
  • Generally Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), potato viruses, and cucumber mosaic viruses are transmitted via sap.
  • Tobacco mosaic virus and Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) are frequently used in plant molecular biology.
  • Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a positive-sense single stranded RNA virus that infects plants, especially tobacco and other members of the family Solanaceae.
  • Although it was known from the late 19th century that an infectious disease was damaging tobacco crops, it was not until 1930 that the infectious agent was determined to be a virus.

• Answers to Chapter 3 Questions

  • Bosnia would produce 500 units of tobacco, and 250 units of coffee.
  • Colombia grows 250 units of tobacco and 500 units of coffee.
  • Thus, total coffee and tobacco production are 750 units each.
  • If they engage in trade, Bosnia produces 1,000 units of tobacco while Colombia produces 1,000 units of coffee.

• Virginia

  • The Virginia Colony became the wealthiest and most populated British colony in North America, largely due to its tobacco crop industry.
  • By 1612, Rolfe's new strains of tobacco had been successfully cultivated and exported, making tobacco a cash crop that established Virginia's economic viability.
  • A small number of slaves, along with many European indentured servants, helped to expand the growing tobacco industry.
  • After Pocahontas and her father died and the English continued to appropriate more land for tobacco farming, relations with the Powhatans worsened.
  • By the early 1620s, tobacco cultivation began to impact every aspect of daily life in Virginia.

• Early American Slavery

  • Slavery manifested differently in different parts of the British colonies of North America and was an integral part of the economic culture of the Chesapeake (in tobacco) and the lower South (in rice, indigo, tobacco, and eventually cotton).
  • Slaves were used to work the labor-intensive tobacco harvest.
  • Because tobacco was harvested once a year, slaves toiled in the fields for only a few months out of the year.
  • Farms tended to be larger in the lower South than in the Chesapeake, and farmers worked a variety of crops (such as rice, indigo, and tobacco) staggered over the year.

• Agriculture

  • Plantation economy in the Old South was based on agricultural mass production of crops such as cotton, rice, indigo, and tobacco.
  • Crops cultivated on antebellum plantations included cotton, tobacco, indigo, and rice.
  • By the late 18th century, most planters in the Upper South had switched from exclusive tobacco cultivation to mixed-crop production, both because tobacco had exhausted the soil and because of changing markets.