Switch trading

Examples of Switch trading in the following topics:

• Countertrade

  • Switch trading: Party A and Party B are countertrading salt for sugar.
  • Party A may switch its obligation to pay Party B to a third party, known as the switch trader.
  • The switch trader gets the sugar from Party B at a discount and sells it for money.
  • A monetary valuation can, however, be used in counter trade for accounting purposes.
  • Switch trading: Practice in which one company sells to another its obligation to make a purchase in a given country.

• International Exchange of Money

  • After the depression in the 1930s, many systems were tried, but the developed world chose to switch back to a fixed exchange rate system after WW II.
  • Exchange rates are determined in the foreign exchange market, which is open to a wide range of different types of buyers and sellers where currency trading is continuous (24 hours a day except weekends, i.e., trading from 20:15 GMT on Sunday until 22:00 GMT Friday).
  • The forward exchange rate refers to an exchange rate that is quoted and traded today but for delivery and payment on a specific future date .
  • The foreign exchange market (forex, FX, or currency market) is a form of exchange for the global decentralized trading of international currencies.
  • The foreign exchange market assists international trade and investment by enabling currency conversion.

• Switching Parties

  • Though uncommon, a member of Congress switch parties for either ideological or pragmatic reasons.
  • A member might switch parties, or "cross the floor," for a number of reasons.
  • Some members might switch due to ideological differences with their party.
  • This was the case with Senator Strom Thurmond who, in 1964, switched from the Democratic to Republican party in opposition to the Civil Rights Bills.
  • Others switch for more pragmatic reasons, such as to gain more power in Congress or to gain reelection.

• Trade and Currency under the Yuan

  • He supported the merchants of the Silk Road trade network by protecting the Mongol postal system, constructing infrastructure, providing loans that financed trade caravans, and encouraging the circulation of paper banknotes.
  • Increasing trade and commerce meant that the respective nations and societies increased their exposure to new goods and markets, thus increasing the GDP of each nation or society that was involved in the trade system.
  • Μany of the cities participating in the 13th century world trade system grew rapidly in size.
  • Along with land trade routes, a Maritime Silk Road contributed to the flow of goods and establishment of a Pax Mongolica.
  • The Yuan government first used woodblocks to print paper money, but switched to bronze plates in 1275.

• Bond Prices in an Open Economy

  • However, we could switch the analysis, where the money exchanged for the bond becomes the commodity.
  • Nevertheless,loanable funds switch the roles of supply and demand.
  • Investors become a source of loanable funds because they trade money for bonds.

• Isotype Class Switching

  • Immunoglobulin class switching (or isotype switching, or isotypic commutation, or class switch recombination (CSR)) is a biological mechanism that changes a B cell's production of antibody from one class to another; for example, from an isotype called IgM to an isotype called IgG.
  • Since the variable region does not change, class switching does not affect antigen specificity.
  • Class switching occurs by a mechanism called class switch recombination (CSR) binding .
  • Class switch recombination is a biological mechanism that allows the class of antibody produced by an activated B cell to change during a process known as isotype or class switching.
  • Mechanism of class switch recombination that allows isotype switching in activated B cells.

• Illegal Price Advertising

  • Bait-and-switch is legal in the United States, provided that ads state that there is a limited supply and that no rain checks will be offered.
  • Advertising is regulated by the authority of the Federal Trade Commission to prohibit "unfair and deceptive acts or practices in commerce. " What is illegal is the potential to deceive, which is interpreted to occur when consumers see the advertising to be stating to them, explicitly or implicitly, a claim that they may not realize is false and material.
  • In 1976, the Federal Trade Commission ruled that these claims were misleading, and that Listerine had "no efficacy" at either preventing or alleviating the symptoms of sore throats and colds.

• The Labor Wars

  • The first local trade unions of men in the United States formed in the late 18th century, and women began organizing in the 1820s.
  • In 1845, the trade union of the Lowell mills sent representatives to speak to the Massachusetts legislature about conditions in the factories, leading to the first governmental investigation into working conditions.
  • ARU members across the nation refused to switch Pullman cars onto trains.
  • The court injunction was based on the Sherman Anti-Trust Act which prohibited "Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States. " Debs and other leaders of the ARU ignored the injunction, and federal troops were called into action.
  • Describe the formation of trade unions and the beginning of the American labor movement

• Discounting

  • This means that the buyer holds the excess merchandise until it is used, possibly cutting the inventory cost of the seller and preventing the buyer from switching to a competitor at least until the stock is used.
  • Trade discounts, also called functional discounts, are payments to distribution channel members for performing some function.
  • Trade discounts are often combined to include a series of functions, for example 20/12/5 could indicate a 20% discount for warehousing the product, an additional 12% discount for shipping the product, and an additional 5% discount for keeping the shelves stocked.
  • Trade discounts are most frequent in industries where retailers hold the majority of the power in the distribution channel (referred to as channel captains).
  • Trade discounts are given to try to increase the volume of sales being made by the supplier.

• Gene Inversion

  • Gene Inversion utilizes recombinases to invert DNA sequences, resulting in an ON to OFF switch in the gene located within this switch.
  • Through the utilization of specific recombinases, a particular DNA sequence is inverted, resulting in an ON to OFF switch, and vice versa, of the gene located within or next to this switch.