shutter speed

Examples of shutter speed in the following topics:

• The Camera

  • The f-number on a camera controls the shutter speed.
  • This is the speed at which the shutter, which acts as its "eyelid," opens and closes.
  • The speed at which it opens and closes is called the f-number.
  • For a larger aperture, the f-number is generally small for a quick shutter speed.
  • For a smaller aperture, the f-number is larger, allowing for a slower shutter speed.

• Photography: Recording an Image

  • Shutter speed - The amount of time that light will be allowed to pass through the lens.
  • The longer the camera is open the brighter an image will become; for instance, taking a picture at night requires keeping the shutter open longer.
  • The total amount of light reaching the film plane is known as the exposure, and changes according to the shutter speed, the aperture of the lens, and the effective focal length of the lens.

• Speed of Sound

  • The general value given for the speed of sound is the speed of a sound wave in air, at sea level, at normal atmospheric pressure; that number is 344 m/s.
  • The speed of a compression wave is determined by the media's compression capacity, shear modulus, and density, while the speed of the shear wave is only determined by the shear modulus and density.
  • This is a ratio of an object's speed in relation to the speed of sound.
  • If something is travelling at the speed of sound, that would make the equation equal to 1, and can be denoted as Mach 1. shows a jet that is travelling at the speed of sound or faster.
  • Calculate the speed of sound from the properties of the media

• Root-Mean-Square Speed

  • The root-mean-square speed measures the average speed of particles in a gas, defined as $v_{rms}=\sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}$ .
  • Since the value excludes the particles' direction, we now refer to the value as the average speed.
  • The root-mean-square speed is the measure of the speed of particles in a gas, defined as the square root of the average velocity-squared of the molecules in a gas.
  • What is the root-mean-square speed for a sample of oxygen gas at 298 K?
  • This equation determines the average speed of a given group of gaseous particles.

• Speed Distribution of Molecules

  • The most probable speed vp (at the peak of the curve) is less than the rms speed vrms.
  • As shown in , the curve is shifted to higher speeds at higher temperatures, with a broader range of speeds.
  • Note that the speed is:
  • The most likely speed v_p is less than the rms speed v_rms.
  • Although very high speeds are possible, only a tiny fraction of the molecules have speeds that are an order of magnitude greater than v_rms.

• The Speed of Light

  • The speed of light in vacuum is a universal physical constant crucial to many areas of physics.
  • The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted c, is a universal physical constant that is crucial to many areas of physics.
  • It is also the speed of gravity (i.e., of gravitational waves) predicted by current theories.
  • The first quantitative estimate of the speed of light was made in 1676 by Rømer.
  • Discuss the invariance of the speed of light and identify the value of that speed in vacuum

• The Speed of Light

  • But what exactly is the speed of light?
  • It is just that: the speed of a photon or light particle.
  • There are many uses for the speed of light in a vacuum, such as in special relativity, which says that c is the natural speed limit and nothing can move faster than it.
  • The effects are typically minute, but are noticeable at sufficiently high speeds.
  • Relate speed of light with the index of refraction of the medium

• Relativistic Energy and Mass

  • In special relativity, an object that has a mass cannot travel at the speed of light.
  • As the object approaches the speed of light, the object's energy and momentum increase without bound .
  • It is important to note that for objects with speeds that are well below the speed of light that the expressions for relativistic energy and mass yield values that are approximately equal to their Newtonian counterparts.
  • The relativistic kinetic energy increases to infinity when an object approaches the speed of light, this indicates that no body with mass can reach the speed of light.
  • Evaluate possibility for an object to travel at the speed of light

• Overview of Non-Uniform Circular Motion

  • Non-uniform circular motion denotes a change in the speed of a particle moving along a circular path.
  • The change in speed has implications for radial (centripetal) acceleration.
  • The greater the speed, the greater the radial acceleration.
  • The circular motion adjusts its radius in response to changes in speed.
  • The important thing to note here is that, although change in speed of the particle affects radial acceleration, the change in speed is not affected by radial or centripetal force.

• Relativistic Kinetic Energy

  • where $m$ is the mass and $v$ is the speed (or the velocity) of the body.
  • If the speed of a body is a significant fraction of of the speed of light, it is necessary to employ special relativity to calculate its kinetic energy.
  • It is important to know how to apply special relativity to problems with high speed particles.
  • Using $m$ for rest mass, $v$ and $\nu$ for the object's velocity and speed respectively, and $c$ for the speed of light in vacuum, the relativistic expression for linear momentum is:
  • Compare classical and relativistic kinetic energies for objects at speeds much less and approaching the speed of light