Saint Domingue

Examples of Saint Domingue in the following topics:

• In the South: The Haitian Revolution

  • The Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) began as a slave insurrection in French colony of Saint-Domingue and culminated in the abolition of slavery in the French Antilles and the founding of the Haitian republic.
  • Saint-Domingue was the world's leading producer and exporter of sugar and tropical commodities in the 1600s and 1700s, bringing unprecedented wealth to the French empire.
  • The population of Saint-Domingue was further divided between whites and gens de couleur.
  • In 1801, one of the most successful black commanders, Toussaint L'Ouverture, issued a constitution for Saint-Domingue decreeing that he would be governor-for-life and calling for a sovereign black state.
  • This image details the fighting between insurgent slaves and French soldiers during the Saint-Domingue slave rebellion

• The French Empire

  • In 1604, Saint Croix Island in Acadia was the site of a short-lived French colony, which was plagued by illness.
  • Fort Saint Louis was established in Texas in 1685, but was gone by 1688.
  • A major French settlement lay on the island of Hispaniola, where France established the colony of Saint-Domingue on the western third of the island in 1664.
  • Nicknamed the Pearl of the Antilles, Saint-Domingue became the richest colony in the Caribbean until a 1791 slave revolt, which began the Haitian Revolution, led to freedom for the colony's slaves in 1794.

• Early Opposition to Slavery

  • They were uneasy as well about the violent aftermath of the French Revolution and the uprising of slaves in the 1790s in Saint Domingue.
  • In 1792 France granted social equality to free people of color, and in 1793 French Revolutionary commissioners in Saint-Domingue granted freedom to all the slaves.

• Slavery and Politics

  • The Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) began as a slave insurrection in the French colony of Saint-Domingue and culminated in the abolition of slavery in the French Antilles and the founding of the Haitian republic.
  • In fact, after a slave revolt in Saint-Domingue in 1801, Jefferson supported French plans to retake the island and loaned France $300,000 "for relief of whites on the island."

• French Explorers

  • Settlement along the South American coast in what is today French Guiana began in 1624 and a colony was founded on Saint Kitts in 1625.
  • Colonies in Guadeloupe and Martinique were founded in 1635 and on Saint Lucia in 1650.
  • France's most important Caribbean colonial possession was established in 1664, when the colony of Saint-Domingue (today's Haiti) was founded on the western half of the Spanish island of Hispaniola.
  • In the 18th century, Saint-Domingue grew to be the richest sugar colony in the Caribbean.
  • New France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period beginning with the exploration of the Saint Lawrence Riverby Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Spain and Great Britain in 1763.

• Exploration and Conquest of the New World

  • A major French settlement lay on the island of Hispaniola, where France established the colony of Saint-Domingue on the western third of the island in 1664.
  • Nicknamed the "Pearl of the Antilles," Saint-Domingue became the richest colony in the Caribbean at that time.

• The Declaration of the Rights of Man

  • Thousands of slaves in Saint-Domingue, the most profitable slave colony in the world, engaged in uprisings (with critical attempts beginning also in August 1791) that would be known as the first successful slave revolt in the New World.
  • In 1804, the colony of Saint-Domingue became an independent state, the Republic of Haiti.

• The Louisiana Purchase

  • The revolutionary shockwaves that echoed from America to France also resounded in Saint-Domingue (near present-day Haiti), France's largest and wealthiest Caribbean colony, where a successful slave revolt had allowed those rebelling to take control of the island.
  • In January 1802, France also sent General LeClerc to Saint-Domingue to reestablish slavery, reduce the rights of free people of color, and take back control of the island from slave rebels.

• Incorporating Louisiana

  • In January 1802, France sent General LeClerc to Saint-Domingue to re-establish slavery, reduce the rights of free people of color and take back control of the island from slave rebels.

• Gothic Architecture: La Saint-Chapelle

  • The King was later recognized as a saint by the Catholic Church.
  • Louis' personal chapel, La Sainte-Chapelle in Paris, was copied more than once by his descendants elsewhere.
  • Louis IX, or Saint Louis, was a revered leader and strong patron of the arts during the Gothic period.
  • Saint Louis' Sainte-Chapelle epitomizes the Rayonnant Gothic style as was King Louis IX's personal chapel.
  • Discuss the innovations in Gothic art and architecture seen in La Saint-Chappelle