Roanoke Colony

Examples of Roanoke Colony in the following topics:

• Conclusion: Growth and Development of the Colonies

  • They established nearly a dozen colonies, sending swarms of immigrants to populate the land.
  • After Roanoke Colony failed in 1587, the English found more success with the founding of Jamestown in 1607 and Plymouth in 1620.
  • The two colonies were very different in origin.
  • These new colonies also contributed to the rise in population in English America as many thousands of Europeans made their way to the colonies.
  • Summarize how the colonies developed over the 17th and 18th centuries

• The Coming of the English

  • He called his new privately-funded colony, Roanoke, and founded it on an island off the coast of present-day North Carolina, where it would be relatively isolated from existing settlements in North America.
  • Roanoke is still called “the Lost Colony” today.
  • Most of the new English colonies established in North America and the West Indies, whether successful or otherwise, were proprietary colonies.
  • The colony survived and flourished by developing tobacco as a cash crop for the colony; it served as a beginning for the colonial state of Virginia.
  • The colonial South included the plantation colonies of the Chesapeake region—Virginia and Maryland—and the lower South colonies of Carolina and Georgia.

• Settling the Southern Colonies

  • The colonies were originally chartered to compete in the race for colonies in the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries.
  • George Calvert received a charter from King Charles I to found the colony of Maryland in 1634.
  • The name "Virginia" was first applied by Sir Walter Raleigh and Queen Elizabeth I in 1584, when Raleigh established a colony on the island of Roanoke off the coast of Virginia.
  • The Province of Georgia (also called the Georgia Colony) was the last of the 13 original colonies established by Great Britain.
  • Summarize the major events in the development of the Southern Colonies

• The Contraband Camps

  • From a camp on Roanoke Island that started in 1862, Horace James developed the Freedmen's Colony of Roanoke Island (1863–1867).
  • Appointed by the Union Army, James was a Congregational chaplain who, with the freedmen, tried to create a self-sustaining colony at the island.

• England and the High Seas

  • Later that year, Raleigh founded the colony of Roanoke on the coast of present-day North Carolina, but lack of supplies caused the colony to fail.
  • Now at peace with its main rival, English attention shifted from preying on other nations' colonial infrastructures to the business of establishing its own overseas colonies.
  • The Caribbean initially provided England's most important and lucrative colonies.
  • In 1681, the colony of Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn.
  • Map of the British colonies in North America, 1763 to 1775.

• The Carolinas

  • The 1663 charter granted the Lords Proprietor title to all of the land from the southern border of the Virginia Colony to the coast of present-day Georgia.
  • Although the Lost Colony on Roanoke Island was the first English attempt at settlement in the Carolina territory, the first permanent English settlement was not established until 1653, when emigrants from the Virginia Colony (with others from New England and Bermuda) settled on the shores of Albemarle Sound in the northeastern corner of present-day North Carolina.
  • Carolina, established relatively late, nevertheless soon established an American Indian slave trade that overshadowed other mainland colonies.
  • This native effort to force the newcomers back across the Atlantic nearly succeeded in annihilating the Carolina colonies.
  • By 1715, the southern part of Carolina had a black majority because of the number of slaves in the colony.

• The British Empire

  • English sea captains in this period believed it was much easier to acquire wealth through the plunder of Spanish vessels than through establishing colonies.
  • The end of the colony in 1587 is unrecorded.
  • As a result, the Roanoke settlement is being referred to as the "Lost Colony. " There are multiple hypotheses as to the fate of the colonists, including integration into local native tribes.

• Troubled Neighbors

  • She defied gender roles in the colonies by being the first woman of non-royal heritage to govern an English colony.
  • The proprietors divided Carolina into two separate colonies: North Carolina and South Carolina .
  • Georgia was first established as a "buffer" colony to protect the other colonies from attacks from the Spanish in Florida and the French in Louisiana.
  • Because of this, Georgia was the only colony to receive funds directly from the Crown at the outset.
  • Note the spelling Ocracoke (Okok) and Roanoke (Roanoak).

• John Randolph and the Old Republicans

  • Virginia congressman John Randolph of Roanoke was the leader of the "Old Republican" faction of Democratic-Republicans that insisted on a strict adherence to the Constitution and opposed any innovations.
  • With mixed feelings about slavery, he was one of the founders of the American Colonization Society in 1816, which aimed to send free blacks to a colony in Africa.
  • Photograph at the National Portrait Gallery in Washington of John Randolph of Roanoke, VA.

• Early Opposition to Slavery

  • In 1804, the black and mulatto revolutionaries succeeded in gaining freedom, declaring the colony the independent black nation of Haiti.
  • After the rebellion, and after a second conspiracy was discovered in 1802 among enslaved boatmen along the Appomattox and Roanoke Rivers, the Virginia Assembly banned hiring out of slaves in 1808 and required freed blacks to leave the state within 12 months or face re-enslavement (1806).