Residency Requirement

(noun)

The condition placed upon members of the electorate to provide proof of residency within the defined boundaries of a constituency prior to being permitted voting privileges; often utilized as a barrier to suffrage.

Related Terms

Examples of Residency Requirement in the following topics:

  • African Americans

    • During the early Reconstruction period, Black residents voted in large numbers .
    • While the fifteenth amendment provided legal protection for voting rights based on race, during the Jim Crow era, politicians created new institutions to suppress the vote of Black residents.
    • These included poll taxes requiring payment before voting, and literacy and understanding tests, strict residency requirements and new voter registration rules.
    • Although it is important to note that poor white residents were also disenfranchised by many of these provisions.
    • In some cases, states added character or grandfather clauses to permit poor or illiterate white residents to continue voting.

  • Eligibility

    • Eligibility requirements restrict who can run for a given public office.
    • For example, candidates are generally required to be a certain age.
    • Both chambers of Congress require members to be residents of the state they seek to represent.
    • House members are not required to live in their districts.
    • For local offices, the requirements are often even less strict — in certain jurisdictions, local officials simply need to be current citizens over the age of 18 who have established local residency.

  • Batch Culture of Bacteriophages

    • Bacteriophage cultures require host cells in which the virus or phage multiply.
    • Virus or phage cultures require host cells in which to multiply.
    • In contrast to virion release, phages displaying a lysogenic cycle do not kill the host but, rather, become long-term residents as prophage.
    • Virus or phage cultures require host cells in which to multiply.

  • Change in Household Size

    • A shared house is a household in which a group of often-unrelated people reside together.
    • A group home is a private residence designed to serve children or adults with chronic disabilities.
    • Group homes typically have a maximum of six residents and a trained, on-site caregiver available 24 hours a day.
    • Other residents may be developmentally disabled, recovering from alcohol or drug addiction, or abused, troubled, or neglected youths.
    • Some residents have behavioral problems that are potentially dangerous to themselves or others and require constant supervision.

  • Exporting

    • Export of commercial quantities of goods normally requires the involvement of customs authorities in both the country of export and the country of import.
    • In national accounts, exports consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts, or grants) from residents to non-residents.The exact definition of exports includes and excludes specific "borderline" cases.
    • A general delimitation of exports in national accounts is as follows: An export of a good occurs when there is a change of ownership from a resident to a non-resident; this does not necessarily imply that the good in question physically crosses any border.
    • Export of services consist of all services rendered by residents to non-residents.
    • National accountants often need to make adjustments to the basic trade data in order to comply with national accounts concepts; the concepts for basic trade statistics often differ in terms of definition and coverage from the requirements in the national accounts:

  • Child Custody Laws

    • Following ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in most countries, terms such as "residence" and "contact" have superseded the concepts of "custody" and "access. " Instead of a parent having "custody" of or "access" to a child, a child is now said to "reside" or have "contact" with a parent.
    • Residence and contact issues typically arise in proceedings involving divorce, annulment, and other legal proceedings where children may be involved.
    • Family law proceedings which involve issues of residence and contact often generate the most acrimonious disputes.
    • Later in the case of O'Donnell-Lamont (2004), the court affirmed an Oregon statute requiring a presumption that the parent acts in the child's best interests, to be met prior to applying the best interests of the child standard, placing both parties on equal footing.
    • Residence and contact issues typically arise in proceedings involving divorce, annulment and other legal proceedings where children may be involved.In most jurisdictions the issue of which parent the child will reside with is determined in accordance with the best interests of the child.

  • Anticipatory Socialization and Resocialization

    • Total institutions aim to radically alter residents' personalities through deliberate manipulation of their environment.
    • Resocialization may also be required for inmates who come out of prison and need to acclimate themselves back into civilian life.
    • First, the staff of the institution tries to erode the residents' identities and sense of independence.
    • Independence can be eroded by subjecting residents to humiliating and degrading procedures.
    • Examples include strip searches, fingerprinting, and replacing residents' given names with serial numbers or code names.

  • Macrophages

    • Phagocytosis is a front-line defense against pathogen attack requiring the concerted action of macrophages.
    • Resident macrophages become adapted to perform particular functions in different organs; so that brain macrophages (microglia) are very different from alveolar macrophages of the lung, Kupffer cells of the liver, or the largest tissue macrophage population, those lining the wall of the gut.
    • The process of recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages involves the resident macrophages which act as sentinels.

  • Separate But Equal

    • The phrase "separate but equal" came out of a Louisiana law, and referred to the practice of legislating separate public facilities for white residents and for people of color.
    • The idea was that the requirement for equality under the fourteenth amendment was still met under these circumstances.
    • But the court ruled that the principle of separate but equal satisfied the requirements of the fourteenth amendment.
    • There was not legally sanctioned racial segregation in northern states, as there was in southern states, but black residents and other people of color often faced a de facto segregation that limited their ability to, for example, live in certain neighborhoods or hold certain jobs.

  • The Prevalence of Small Businesses

    • Industries with high concentrations of small and medium businesses generally do not require enormous capital investment up front.
    • Many restaurants and bars, however, require simple premises and easy to find, local ingredients.
    • The service industry tends to be more SMB-friendly, as it (generally) requires fewer assets.
    • The 80% of SMBs that reside in the service-providing sector is largely a reflection of the overall U.S. economy (services over goods), as well as the greater feasibility of service industries for small-scale entry.
    • This requires a large initial investment of capital and access to low-cost labor, which are both tough for SMBs to access domestically.