recess appointments

Examples of recess appointments in the following topics:

• The Nomination Process

  • Every judge appointed to the court may be categorized as a federal judge with approval from the Senate.
  • A recess appointment is the appointment, by the President of the United States, of a senior federal official while the U.S.
  • Senate is in recess.
  • To remain in effect a recess appointment must be approved by the Senate by the end of the next session of Congress, or the position becomes vacant again; in current practice this means that a recess appointment must be approved by roughly the end of the next calendar year.
  • Timing: The closer to an upcoming presidential election the appointment occurs, the more necessary it is to appoint a highly qualified, noncontroversial figure acceptable to the Senate.

• Chief Diplomat

  • The appointment power of the President allows him or her to appoint and receive ambassadors around the world.
  • Although the Constitution does not explicitly grant presidents the power to recognize foreign governments, it is generally accepted that they have this power as a result of their constitutional authority to "send and receive ambassadors. " This is generally known as the "appointment power" of the presidency.
  • Along with naming judges, presidents appoint ambassadors and executive officers.
  • These appointments require Senate confirmation.
  • If Congress is not in session, presidents can make temporary appointments known as recess appointments without Senate confirmation, good until the end of the next session of Congress.

• Civil Service Reform

  • Hayes took office determined to reform the system of civil service appointments, which had been based on the spoils system since Andrew Jackson was president.
  • Senators of both parties were accustomed to being consulted about political appointments and turned against Hayes.
  • To show his commitment to reform, Hayes appointed one of the best-known advocates of reform, Carl Schurz, to be secretary of the Interior and asked Schurz and William M.
  • Evarts, his secretary of state, to lead a special cabinet committee charged with drawing up new rules for federal appointments.
  • Hayes was forced to wait until July 1878 when, during a Congressional recess, he fired Arthur and Cornell and replaced them through the recess appointments of Merritt and Silas W.

• Vertical Checks and Balances

  • Congress is in charge of ratifying treaties signed by the President and gives advice and consent to presidential appointments to the federal, judiciary, and executive departments.
  • He makes appointments to the federal judiciary, executive departments, and other posts with the advice and consent of the Senate, and has power to make temporary appointments during the recess of the Senate.

• The Expansion of Presidential Powers

  • Presidents make numerous executive branch appointments--an incoming president may make up to 6,000 before he takes office and 8,000 more during his term.
  • Ambassadors, members of the Cabinet, and other federal officers are all appointed by a president with the "advice and consent" of a majority of the Senate.
  • Appointments made while the Senate is in recess are temporary and expire at the end of the next session of the Senate.
  • Obama's administrative appointment made during a Congressional recess, and is scheduled to rule on the constitutionality of an executive order know as DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) that delays deportation of undocumented residents who arrived as children.

• Economic Hardship and Labor Upheaval During the Transition to Peace

  • Combined with a major recession, labor strikes and social upheaval including race riots, this became a difficult time for the nation.
  • Rather than consenting to the appointment of commission members to counter Republican gains in the Senate, Wilson favored the prompt dismantling of wartime boards and regulatory agencies.
  • An economic recession hit much of the world in the aftermath of World War I.
  • Yet a more severe recession hit the United States in 1920 and 1921 when the global economy as a whole fell sharply.
  • Discuss the causes of the post-war economic recession, and its effects on race relations and organized labor.

• Economic Stagnation

  • Following an August 1979 cabinet shakeup in which Carter asked for the resignations of several cabinet members, Carter appointed G.
  • Inflation did not return to low single-digit levels until 1982, during a second, more severe recession.
  • The policy, along with record interest rates, would lead to a sharp recession in the spring of 1980.
  • Although the hard-hit auto and housing sectors would not recover substantially, GDP and employment totals regained pre-recession levels by the first quarter of 1981.
  • The V-shaped recession coincided with Carter's reelection campaign in 1980, however, and contributed to his unexpectedly severe loss.

• Recessions

  • A recession is a business cycle contraction; a general slowdown in economic activity.
  • In economics, a recession is a business cycle contraction; a general slowdown in economic activity.
  • When these relationships become imbalanced, recession can develop within a country or create pressure for recession in another country.
  • Most mainstream economists believe that recessions are caused by inadequate aggregate demand in the economy, and favor the use of expansionary macroeconomic policy during recessions.
  • As an informal shorthand, economists sometimes refer to different recession shapes, such as V-shaped, U-shaped, L-shaped, and W-shaped recessions.

• Article II

  • Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.
  • The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President; and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like manner choose the President.
  • He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law: but the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments.
  • The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session.

• Mendel's Law of Dominance

  • In a heterozygote, the allele which masks the other is referred to as dominant, while the allele that is masked is referred to as recessive.
  • One allele can be dominant to a second allele, recessive to a third allele, and codominant to a fourth.
  • If a genetic trait is recessive, a person needs to inherit two copies of the gene for the trait to be expressed.
  • Thus, both parents have to be carriers of a recessive trait in order for a child to express that trait .
  • Recessive traits are only visible if an individual inherits two copies of the recessive allele