racism

Examples of racism in the following topics:

• Institutional Racism in South Africa

• Racism

  • Racism can refer to any or all of the following beliefs and behaviors:
  • Racism is opposed by almost all mainstream voices in the United States.
  • A number of international treaties have sought to end racism.
  • Structural racism refers to inequalities built into an organization or system.
  • Identify four scenarios which separately illustrate individual-level racism, structural racism, cultural racism, and historical racism

• Racism

  • Racism can refer to any or all of the following beliefs and behaviors:
  • A number of international treaties have sought to end racism.
  • Examples of individual-level racism could include:
  • Another type of racism is racial profiling.
  • Bonilla-Silva suggests that a "color-blind racism" ideology supports racism while avoiding any reference to race.

• The "Color Line"

  • Born in western Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up in a tolerant community and experienced little racism as a child.
  • Racism was the main target of Du Bois's polemics, and he strongly protested against lynching, Jim Crow laws, and discrimination in education and employment.
  • The private sector was not the only source of racism; under President Wilson, the plight of African-Americans in government jobs suffered.
  • Du Bois also wrote an editorial supporting the African-American Great Migration, the movement of blacks from the southern U.S. to the Northeast, Midwest, and West, because he felt it would help blacks escape southern racism, find economic opportunities, and assimilate into American society.
  • Du Bois and the NAACP in combatting racism and the segregation of the "color line" in the early 20th century.

• The Feminist Perspective

  • It was important to recognize that white women faced a different form of discrimination than working class women of color, who not only had to deal with sexism, but also fight against racism and class oppression.
  • Therefore, various forms of oppression, such as racism or sexism, do not act independently of one another; instead these forms of oppression are interrelated, forming a system of oppression that reflects the "intersection" of multiple forms of discrimination.
  • It was-- and continues to be-- important to recognize that white women faced a different form of discrimination than working class women of color, who not only had to deal with sexism, but also fought against racism and class oppression.

• Culture, Ethnicity, and Race

  • In order to adapt the message to the audience it is important to become aware of your own ethnocentrism and to avoid prejudice and racism.
  • Racism or racial discrimination operates in a similar way.
  • Racism can refer to any or all of the following beliefs and behaviors:

• Controversies Surrounding Affirmative Action

  • Proponents of affirmative action contend that affirmative action programs give minorities the same educational advantages and opportunities that should be afforded to all races and attempt to compensate for past institutional racism.
  • Proponents further argue that affirmative action programs encourage the elimination of racism by demonstrating that people from all different backgrounds can succeed in educational and professional settings.
  • Other opponents have tested affirmative action by arguing that these programs lower admission standards for educational and professional environments and stating that affirmative action is a form of reverse racism, by which Caucasians are disadvantaged in the same way that minorities were in the past.

• Political Art: Race and Ethnicity in the 1990s

  • Some street artists use "smart vandalism" as a way to raise awareness of social and political issues, especially around issues of race and racism.
  • It has been argued that hip hop and rap music formed as a "cultural response to historic oppression and racism, a system for communication among black communities throughout the United States", due to the fact that the culture reflected the social, economic and political realities of the disenfranchised youth.
  • It is a paradoxical genre of art where race and racism are intertwined in a way that rejects their interaction; it is art about the black experience that attempts to dispel the notion that race matters.
  • Some have found fault with this terminology; according to David Hammons, "racism is real, and many artists who have endured its effects feel the museum is promoting a kind of art—trendy, postmodern, blandly international—that has turned the institution into a 'boutique' or 'country club'".
  • Though not all street art is political in nature, some street artists use "smart vandalism" as a way to raise awareness of social and political issues, especially around issues of race and racism.

• Minorities

  • Racism is usually directed against a minority population, but may also be directed against a majority population.
  • The assimilation of minority groups into majority groups can be seen as a form of racism.

• The Harlem Renaissance

  • Harlem became an African-American neighborhood in the early 1900s, during the Great Migration in which many sought a better standard of living and relief from the institutionalized racism in the South.
  • Despite the increasing popularity of black culture, virulent white racism continued to affect African-American communities.
  • Characterizing the Harlem Renaissance was an overt racial pride and the developing idea of a new black identity, who through intellect and production of literature, art, and music could challenge the pervading racism and promote progressive politics.
  • Some common themes represented during the Harlem Renaissance were the influence of slavery, black identity, the effects of institutional racism, the dilemmas of performing and writing for elite white audiences, and how to convey the experience of modern black life in the urban North.