Examples of quota systems in the following topics:
-
- There are two main types of import quota: the absolute quota and the tariff-rate quota.
- A tariff-rate quota is a two-tier quota system that combines characteristics of tariffs and quotas.
- Under a tariff-rate quota system, an initial quota of a good is allowed to enter the country at a lower duty rate.
- For example, under a tariff-rate quota system, a country may allow 50 million pens to be imported at the low tariff rate of $1 each.
- Often, quotas are instituted to:
-
- To prevent over-fishing, a negative externality, governments may impose individual fishing quotas (IFQs), which set an allowable catch limit for fisheries.
- To address the problem of negative externalities, governments may use a quota system to try and limit them.
- In a quota system, the negative externality is capped at a certain amount.
- In the example of pollution, the government may put a quota on the amount of pollution a factory can produce by issuing tradable permits.
-
- The IMF's stated goal was to stabilize exchange rates and assist the reconstruction of the world's international payment system post-World War II.
- Countries contribute money to a pool through a quota system from which countries with payment imbalances can borrow funds on a temporary basis.
- Voting power in the IMF is based on a quota system.
- Each member has a number of "basic votes" (each member's number of basic votes equals 5.502% of the total votes), plus one additional vote for each Special Drawing Right (SDR) of 100,000 of a member country's quota.
- The IMF is mandated to oversee the international monetary and financial system and monitor the economic and financial policies of its 188 member countries.
-
- The National Origins Formula had set immigration quotas for specific countries, effectively giving preference to Northern and Western Europe over Eastern Europe, Asia, South America, and Africa.
- This national origins quota system was viewed as an embarrassment by, among others, President John F.
- The National Origins Formula was replaced with a preference system based on immigrants' skills and family relationships with U.S. citizens or residents.
- Johnson signed the legislation into law, saying "This [old] system violates the basic principle of American democracy, the principle that values and rewards each man on the basis of his merit as a man.
-
- In regards to this theory employers are encouraged to design jobs that enhance and motivate employees beyond simply meeting a daily or weekly quota.
- This theory highlights the importance of rewards systems and monitoring when and how employees are rewarded.
-
- The
Inca Empire was a hierarchical system with the emperor, or Inca Sapa,
ruling over the rest of society.
- There
was no codified legal system for people that broke with the
cultural and social norms.
- Measuring about 24,800 miles long, this road system connected
the the regions of the empire and was the most complex
and lengthy road system in South America at the time.
- This highly organized system was most likely
perfected under the emperor Pachacuti around 1460.
- This
system also required a minimum quota of manual labor from the general
population.
-
- Trade protectionism is defined as national policy restricting international economic trade to alter the balance between imports and goods manufactured domestically, usually executed via policies and governmental regulations such as import quotas, tariffs, taxes, anti-dumping legislation, and other limitations.
- The primary purpose for this system is as the name implies: protection.
- Despite the standard argument from mainstream economists postulating that free trade and open markets is the ideal system to allow for capitalistic development, there are many economists who believe that some degree of protectionism is the only way to minimize income gaps and substantial inequity from economy to economy (see ).
- Around this time frame, the United States was employing heavy tariffs to protect their fragile economic system as the economy began to achieve autonomy after British rule.
-
- Agriculture requires a vast support system and a great deal of oversight, addressing industry threats and utilizing policy-based tools.
- Agriculture requires a vast support system and a great deal of oversight, as the consumption of grown foods poses a huge safety threat alongside a critical need for the health and survival of a civilization.
- Subsidies: The government can utilize subsidies to reduce price points and increase the overall supply within a system .
- Import Quotas: Policy makers often implement quotas in agriculture to retain more control over prices and protect domestic incumbents.
- Quotas, like other forms of trade protection, benefit the local industry.
-
- Governments can institute any number of policies that prevent markets from achieving the free market equilibrium price and quantity: taxes raise prices, quotas limit the quantity sold, and regulations affect the supply and demand curves.
- Efficiency is but one of many vying goals in an economic system, and different notions of efficiency may be complementary or may be at odds.
-
- Government can promote free trade by reducing tariffs, quotas, and non-tariff barriers.
- Free trade is a policy by which a government does not discriminate against imports or interfere with exports by applying tariffs (to imports), subsidies (to exports), or quotas.
- Tariffs and quotas are explicit government policies that are designed to protect domestic producers, even if they are not the most efficient producers .
- In addition to tariffs and quotas, there are a number of other barriers to free trade that countries use.
- NTBs act just like tariffs and quotas in that they are barriers to free trade.