Queen Anne's War

(noun)

The North American theater (1702–1713) of the War of the Spanish Succession; the second in a series of French and Indian Wars fought between France and England (later Great Britain) in North America for control of the continent.

Related Terms

Examples of Queen Anne's War in the following topics:

  • Empires in Conflict

    • The war was largely subsumed by the War of the Austrian Succession in 1742.
    • The most important conflicts were Queen Anne's War, in which the British won French Acadia (Nova Scotia), and the final French and Indian War (1754–1763), when France lost all of Canada.
    • Queen Anne's War (1702–1713) was the second war for control of the continent, and was the counterpart of the War of the Spanish Succession in Europe.
    • Following Queen Anne's War, relations between Carolina and the nearby native populations deteriorated, resulting in the Yamasee War of 1715 and Father Rale's War a few years later, which very nearly destroyed the province.
    • King George's War (1744–48) was the North American phase of the War of the Austrian Succession .

  • European Wars in the Colonies

    • The war was largely subsumed by the War of the Austrian Succession in 1742.
    • Britain and France fought four wars that became known as the French and Indian Wars—followed in 1778 with another war when France joined the Americans in the American Revolution.
    • Queen Anne's War (1702–1713) was the second war for control of the continent and was the counterpart of the War of the Spanish Succession in Europe.
    • Following Queen Anne's War, relations between Carolina and the nearby American Indian populations deteriorated, resulting in the Yamasee War of 1715 and Father Rale's War a few years later, which very nearly destroyed the province.
    • The final imperial war, the French and Indian War (1754–1763), known as the Seven Years’ War in Europe, proved to be the decisive contest between Britain and France in America.

  • Troubled Neighbors

    • The Anglo-Dutch Wars, which took place between 1652 and 1784, were fought for control over trade routes in the colonies.
    • The Anglo–Dutch Wars, also known as the Dutch Trade Wars, were fought in the 17th and 18th centuries for control over the seas and trade routes.
    • The most important wars were Queen Anne's War (1702-1713), in which the British won French Acadia (Nova Scotia), and the final French and Indian War (1754–1763), when France lost all of Canada.
    • Britain and France fought a series of four French and Indian Wars, followed by another war in 1778 when France joined the Americans in the American Revolution.
    • The wars were long and bloody, causing immense suffering for everyone involved.

  • Settling the Middle Colonies

    • James II later granted the land between the Hudson River and the Delaware River to two friends who had been loyal to him through the English Civil War.
    • From 1701 to 1765, colonists skirmished in the New York-New Jersey Line War over disputed colonial boundaries.
    • In 1702, Queen Anne united West and East Jersey into one Royal Colony—the Province of New Jersey.

  • Elizabeth I and English Patriotism

    • Elizabeth I (1533 – 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 1558 until her death.
    • She was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, his second wife, who was executed two and a half years after Elizabeth's birth.
    • Anne's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate.
    • The treaty marked the beginning of the Anglo-Spanish War, which lasted until the Treaty of London in 1604.
    • In 1600, the queen chartered the East India Company.

  • The Sun-King and Authoritarianism

    • His mother, Anne of Austria, was named regent in spite of her late husband's wishes.
    • He functioned essentially as the co-ruler of France alongside the queen during the regency of Anne and until his death, effectively directed French policy alongside the monarch.
    • In 1651, when Louis XIV officially came of age, Anne's regency legally ended.
    • Only towards the close of his reign, under extreme stress of war, was Louis able, for the first time in French history, to impose direct taxes on the aristocracy.
    • Gone were the days when generals protracted war at the frontiers while bickering over precedence and ignoring orders from the capital and the larger politico-diplomatic picture.

  • The Glorious Revolution

    • In order to avoid James' return to throne and facing opposition in Parliament, William let it be known that he was happy for Mary to be queen in name and preference in the succession given to Princess Anne's (Mary's sister) children over any of William's.
    • Anne declared that she would temporarily waive her right to the crown should Mary die before William and Mary refused to be made queen without William as king.
    • The decision was made in light of a great fear that the situation might deteriorate into a civil war.
    • William and Mary were childless and were ultimately succeeded by Mary's younger sister, Anne.

  • Cardinal Mazarin and the Fronde

    • Mazarin helped Anne expand her power from the more limited power her husband had left her.
    • He functioned essentially as the co-ruler of France alongside the queen during the regency of Anne and until his death, Mazarin effectively directed French policy alongside the monarch.
    • During the negotiations of the Peace of Westphalia, which concluded the Thirty Years' War, Mazarin (together with the Queen)  represented France with policies that were French rather than Catholic.
    • The two warring parties signed the Peace of Rueil (1649) after little blood had been shed.
    • The war began again but this time some leaders of the rebellion were pitted against one another.

  • The Peace of Utrecht

    • The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a European conflict triggered by the death of the last Habsburg King of Spain, Charles II, in 1700.
    • The balance of victories and losses shifted regularly over the course of the war, with both sides exhausted militarily and financially, also as a result of a series of earlier wars waged in Europe.
    • In North America, where the War of the Spanish Succession turned into a war over colonial gains, Louis XIV ceded to Britain the territories of Saint Kitts and Acadia and recognized Britain's sovereignty over Rupert's Land and Newfoundland.
    • Utrecht marked the rise of Great Britain under Anne and later the House of Hanover and the end of the hegemonic ambitions of France.
    • The lucrative trading opportunities afforded to the British were gained at the expense of Anne's allies with the Dutch forgoing a share in the Asiento and the Holy Roman Empire ceding Spain to Philip V and being forced to reinstate the Elector of Bavaria.

  • Louis XV

    • His grandfather and Louis XIV's son, Louis Le Grand Dauphin (Dauphin being the title given to the heir apparent to the throne of France), had three sons with his wife Marie Anne Victoire of Bavaria: Louis, Duke of Burgundy; Philippe, Duke of Anjou (who became King of Spain); and Charles, Duke of Berry.
    • In September 1729, in her third pregnancy, the queen finally gave birth to a male child, an heir to the throne, the Dauphin Louis (1729–1765).
    • Created by Louis XIV, the council was in charge of state policy regarding religion, diplomacy, and war.
    • They also note the effect of Louis's wars in expanding France's boundaries and creating more defensible frontiers that preserved France from invasion until the Revolution.
    • Queen Marie maintained the role and reputation of a simple and dignified Catholic queen.