punishment

Examples of punishment in the following topics:

• Punishment as a Management Tool

  • Punishment is the imposition of a negative consequence with the goal of reducing or stopping someone's undesirable behavior.
  • In punishment, the rate of the target behavior is decreased by imposing a negative consequence (i.e., "positive punishment") or by removing a pleasant or desired stimulus (i.e., "negative punishment") immediately or shortly after each occurrence of the behavior.
  • Shocking a rat for turning left instead of right in a maze is an example of positive punishment; taking away a child's toy after he hits his brother is an example of negative punishment.
  • In a management context, punishment tools can include demotions, salary cuts, and terminations (fires).
  • Recognize the uses of punishment as a motivational tool in the context of organizational behavio

• The Death Penality

  • Capital punishment is a legal process whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
  • Capital punishment is often opposed on the grounds that innocent people will inevitably be executed.
  • Capital punishment is a legal process whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
  • In China, human trafficking and serious cases of corruption are punished by the death penalty.
  • Capital punishment is often opposed on the grounds that innocent people will inevitably be executed.

• The Eighth Amendment and Cruel and Unusual Punishment

  • The Eight Amendment determines the provisions for cruel and unusual punishment.
  • Supreme Court has ruled that this amendment's Cruel and Unusual Punishment clause applies to states.
  • According to the Supreme Court, the Eighth Amendment forbids some punishments entirely, prohibiting other punishments that are deemed excessive when compared to the crime or the competence of the perpetrator.
  • It is up to individual states to decide if death can be considered "cruel and unusual" punishment.
  • As of 2016, 31 states (and the federal government) had death as an acceptable form of punishment.

• The Eighth Amendment

  • The Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution is the part of the United States Bill of Rights prohibiting the federal government from imposing excessive bail, excessive fines or cruel and unusual punishments.
  • Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

• Crime and Punishment

  • Crimes were punished harshly during the Middle Ages with torture and executions common place for even the smallest of offenses.
  • During medieval times, there were extremely harsh punishments for all crimes.
  • Jails were used more as a holding cell before trial than as a form of punishment.
  • Juries also decided on the punishment for anyone found guilty.
  • Describe the ways in which crimes were punished in the Middle Ages

• Reinforcement Theory

  • These four inputs are positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment.
  • Positive punishment: Conditioning at it's simplest, punishment is simply identifying a negative behavior and providing an adverse stimuli to dissuade future instances.
  • Negative punishment: Similar to negative reinforcement, negative punishment revolves around removing something to condition a response.
  • A negative punishment would be to revoke the right to work at home until performance improves.
  • Size - Of course, the scale of the reward or punishment has a big impact on the scale of the response.

• Reinforcement and Punishment

  • Reinforcement and punishment are principles that are used in operant conditioning.
  • Both reinforcement and punishment can be positive or negative.
  • Positive punishments add an aversive stimulus to decrease a behavior or response.
  • Negative punishments remove a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior or response.
  • See the green and red backgrounds above, which represent reinforcement and punishment, respectively.

• Operant Conditioning

  • Punishment: a negative or punishing event which causes the behavior to occur less often.
  • Positive punishment occurs when a stimulus is added, which results in the behavior occurring less often.
  • Negative punishment occurs when a stimulus is taken away, which results in the behavior occurring less often.

• Contracts, Consequences, Reinforcement, and Extinction

  • Punishment involves presenting a strong stimulus that decreases the frequency of a particular response.
  • Punishment is effective in quickly eliminating undesirable behaviors.
  • Examples of punishment include:
  • This video illustrates negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, and punishment.
  • He comes out and asks the student how she should be punished.

• Managerial Perspectives on Motivation

  • These frameworks can be coupled with concepts of reinforcement and punishment as tools managers use to emphasize or discourage specific behaviors.
  • These include positive and negative reinforcements and positive and negative punishments.
  • As a result, a manager must recognize what level of the hierarchy an employee is on before using reinforcement or punishment.
  • Similarly, punishments can be effective in emphasizing motivational successes and failures as well.
  • In this situation, equity theory allows management to motivate through punishing employees who do not create the required returns to pay their salaries.