propagated outbreak

(noun)

a type of epidemic outbreak where the disease spreads person-to-person. Affected individuals may become independent reservoirs leading to further exposures.

Related Terms

Examples of propagated outbreak in the following topics:

  • Disease Reservoirs and Epidemics

    • There are two types of epidemic outbreaks: (1) In a common source outbreak, the affected individuals had an exposure to a common agent.
    • If the exposure was continuous or variable, it can be termed a continuous outbreak or intermittent outbreak, respectively.
    • (2) In a propagated outbreak, the disease spreads person-to-person.
    • Many epidemics will have characteristics of both common source and propagated outbreaks.
    • Give examples of disease reservoirs and distinguish between common source and propagated outbreaks

  • Occurrence of a Disease

    • An occurrence of disease greater than would be expected at a particular time and place is called an outbreak.
    • Two linked cases of a rare infectious disease may be sufficient to constitute an outbreak.
    • Outbreaks may also refer to endemics that affect a particular place or group, epidemics that affect a region in a country or a group of countries, and pandemics that describe global disease outbreaks .
    • Develop a hypothesis (if there appears to be a cause for the outbreak).
    • Point source – Common source outbreak where the exposure occurs in less than one incubation period.

  • The Outbreak of the Korean War

  • Emerging Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

    • The virus thus has the advantage of possibly having several natural reservoirs to propagate in.
    • A recent study using deep sequencing, discovered a novel rhabdovirus (Bas-Congo virus, or BASV) associated with a 2009 outbreak of three human cases of acute hemorrhagic fever in Mangala village, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Africa.

  • Synthesis of Addition Polymers

    • Radical Polymerization The initiator is a radical, and the propagating site of reactivity (*) is a carbon radical.
    • Cationic Polymerization The initiator is an acid, and the propagating site of reactivity (*) is a carbocation.
    • Anionic Polymerization The initiator is a nucleophile, and the propagating site of reactivity (*) is a carbanion.
    • Coordination Catalytic Polymerization The initiator is a transition metal complex, and the propagating site of reactivity (*) is a terminal catalytic complex.

  • Bacterial Foodborne Diseases

    • Outbreaks of bacterial infection related to food consumption are common.
    • These types of outbreaks have become more common.
    • The raw spinach outbreak in 2006 was produced by the bacterium E. coli serotype O157:H7.
    • A deadly outbreak in Germany in 2010 was caused by E. coli contamination of vegetable sprouts .
    • The strain that caused the outbreak was found to be a new serotype not previously involved in other outbreaks, which indicates that E. coli is continuously evolving.

  • Longitudinal Waves

    • Longitudinal waves, sometimes called compression waves, oscillate in the direction of propagation.
    • The difference is that each particle which makes up the medium through which a longitudinal wave propagates oscillates along the axis of propagation.
    • The wave propagates in the same direction of oscillation.

  • The Action Potential and Propagation

    • Neurons typically send signals over long distances by generating and propagating action potentials over excitable axonal membrane.
    • The propagation of action potential is independent of stimulus strength but dependent on refractory periods.

  • Transverse Waves

    • Transverse waves propagate through media with a speed $\vec{v}_w$ orthogonally to the direction of energy transfer.
    • For transverse waves in matter, the displacement of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave.
    • Transverse waves are waves that are oscillating perpendicularly to the direction of propagation.
    • The speed at which the wave propagates is denoted and can be found using the following formula:
    • The direction of propagation of this wave is along the t axis.

  • Waves

    • A sea wave is an example of a wave in which water molecules are moving up and down as waves propagate towards the shore.
    • As the waves propagate (i.e., travel) towards the shore, the ball will not come towards the shore.
    • A wave only moves mass perpendicular to the direction of propagation—in this case up and down, as illustrated in the figure below:
    • Longitudinal waves occur when the oscillations are parallel to the direction of propagation.
    • We notice that while it moves up and down it does not move in the direction of the wave's propagation.