pinhole camera

Examples of pinhole camera in the following topics:

• History of Photography

  • While photography is the result of several technical discoveries, from the concept of the pinhole camera to the use of camera obscura, the history of photography really begins with the ability to create permanent images.
  • Exposure times in the camera, although somewhat reduced, were still measured in hours.
  • Paper with a coating of silver iodide was exposed in the camera and developed into a translucent negative image.
  • Later George Eastman, of Rochester, New York, refined Talbot's process, which is the basic technology used by chemical film cameras today.
  • In July 1888 Eastman's Kodak camera went on the market.

• Development of Photography

  • Camera photography was invented in the first decades of the 19th century.
  • In the 5th century BCE, before the first camera was ever invented, Chinese and Greek philosophers described the "pinhole camera," a lightproof box with a tiny hole in one side that light passes through while projecting an inverted image one side .
  • Also termed a camera obscura, which is an early process employing paper sensitized with a cyanide.
  • The process of photography was effectually engaged in creating a permanent image from the process outlined originally by the camera obscura .
  • Illustration of camera obscura from "Sketchbook on military art, including geometry, fortifications, artillery, mechanics, and pyrotechnics. "

• Physics and Mathematics

  • In it, he described the inverse-square law governing the intensity of light, reflection by flat and curved mirrors, and principles of pinhole cameras, as well as the astronomical implications of optics such asparallax and the apparent sizes of heavenly bodies.

• The Camera

  • The word camera comes from the Latin phrase camera obscura, which means "dark chamber. " The camera obscura was an early instrument for projecting images from slides.
  • The camera that you use today is an evolution of the camera obscura.
  • The camera lens allows the light to enter into the camera and is typically convex.
  • The f-number on a camera controls the shutter speed.
  • Some cameras have a fixed focus, and only objects of a certain size at a certain distance from the camera will be in focus.

• Photography: Recording an Image

  • The camera (or 'camera obscura') is a dark chamber from which, as far as possible, all light is excluded except the light that forms the image.
  • The purpose of a camera - whether it is a digital or film camera - is to project light onto a surface that will capture an image.
  • Traditionally this is not a camera control, but rather the type film being used.
  • However in digital cameras, the ISO equivalency is controlled in the camera itself, as there is no real film being used.
  • Digital cameras use an electronic image sensor based on light-sensitive electronics.

• Confocal Microscopy

  • The sequences of points of light from the specimen are detected by a photomultiplier tube through a pinhole.
  • Unlike in conventional fluorescence microscopy where the fluorescence is emitted along the entire illuminated cone creating a hazy image, in confocal microscopy the pinhole is added to allow passing of light that comes from a specific focal point on the sample and not the other.

• The Regression Fallacy

  • The frequency of accidents on a road fell after a speed camera was installed.
  • Therefore, the speed camera has improved road safety.
  • Speed cameras are often installed after a road incurs an exceptionally high number of accidents, and this value usually falls (regression to mean) immediately afterwards.
  • Many speed camera proponents attribute this fall in accidents to the speed camera, without observing the overall trend.

• Convergent Evolution

  • One of the most well-known examples of convergent evolution is the camera eye of cephalopods (e.g., octopus), vertebrates (e.g., mammals), and cnidaria (e.g., box jellies).
  • Their last common ancestor had at most a very simple photoreceptive spot, but a range of processes led to the progressive refinement of this structure to the advanced camera eye.
  • Vertebrates and octopi developed the camera eye independently.

• Radiation Detection

  • Scintillators can also be used in neutron and high-energy particle physics experiments, new energy resource exploration, x-ray security, nuclear cameras, computed tomography, and gas exploration.
  • Other applications of scintillators include CT scanners and gamma cameras in medical diagnostics, screens in computer monitors, and television sets.

• Consequences

  • Betty borrowed a camera from the media center.