Pigment

Examples of Pigment in the following topics:

• Absorption of Light

  • Light energy initiates the process of photosynthesis when pigments absorb the light.
  • Organic pigments have a narrow range of energy levels that they can absorb.
  • Chlorophylls and carotenoids are the two major classes of photosynthetic pigments found in plants and algae; each class has multiple types of pigment molecules.
  • Many photosynthetic organisms have a mixture of pigments.
  • Each pigment has (d) a unique absorbance spectrum.

• Tattoos

  • A tattoo is a form of body modification, made by inserting indelible ink into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.
  • A tattoo is a form of body modification, made by inserting indelible ink into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.
  • Laser tattoo removal usually refers to the non-invasive removal of tattoo pigments using Q-switched (pulsed) lasers.
  • Although laser treatment is currently the gold standard method to remove a tattoo, unwanted side effects of laser tattoo removal include the possibility of discoloration of the skin such as hypo-pigmentation (white spots, more common in darker skin) and hyper-pigmentation (dark spots) as well as textural changes.
  • A tattoo is a form of body modification, made by inserting indelible ink into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.

• Albinism

  • Albinism is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes.
  • Albinism is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes due to he absence of or defect in an enzyme involved in the production of melanin .
  • Lack of skin pigmentation makes albino individuals more susceptible to sunburn and skin cancers.
  • Albinism by itself does not cause mortality, although the lack of pigment to block ultraviolet radiation increases the risk of skin cancer and other problems.
  • A girl from Papua New Guinea displaying the lack of skin, hair, and eye pigmentation that characterizes albinism.

• Encaustic

  • Encaustic painting involves painting with a mixture of heated beeswax to which colored pigments have been added.
  • Encaustic painting, also known as hot wax painting, involves painting with a mixture of heated beeswax to which colored pigments have been added.
  • First, the beeswax mixture is heated; once it is melted, various pigments are added to create the color palette.
  • The simplest encaustic mixture can be made from adding pigments to beeswax, but there are numerous recipes that can be used, such as other types of waxes, damar resin, or linseed oil.
  • Because wax is used as the pigment binder, encaustics can be sculpted as well as painted.

• Skin Color

  • Skin color is determined largely by the amount of melanin pigment produced by melanocytes in the skin.
  • Skin color is largely determined by a pigment called melanin but other things are involved. 
  • This pigment is stored in organelles called melanosomes. 
  • Carotene is a yellow-orange pigment found in carrots. 
  • Hemoglobin is the iron-containing protein pigment of our blood cells. 

• Fresco

  • The buon fresco technique involves painting with pigment mixed with water on a thin layer of wet, fresh lime mortar or plaster.
  • The pigment is applied and absorbed by the plaster.
  • After drying, the pigment becomes fixed in the plaster via chemical reaction and no binder is required.
  • Buon fresco is considered to be more stable than secco fresco because the pigment becomes embedded within the wall or ceiling itself.
  • With this method, a binder is required since the pigment does not mix with the wet plaster.

• Gouache

  • Gouache, like watercolor, consists of pigment and a binder of gum Arabic, but also contains added material such as chalk or another white pigment, making gouache heavier, more opaque and with greater reflective qualities.
  • Gouache also differs from watercolor in that the particles are larger and the ratio of pigment to water is much higher.

• Vitiligo

  • Vitiligo is a disorder characterized by patchy loss of skin pigmentation due to the immune system attacking melanocytes in the skin.
  • Vitiligo is a disorder characterized by patchy loss of skin pigmentation due to the immune system attacking melanocytes, the melanin-producing cells of the skin .
  • The symptoms of vitiligo are much more apparent in individuals with darker skin pigmentation .

• Prochlorophytes

  • These oligotrophic organisms are abundant in nutrient-poor tropical waters and use a unique photosynthetic pigment, divinyl-chlorophyll, to absorb light and acquire energy.
  • These organisms lack red and blue Phycobilin pigments and have staked thylakoids, both of which make them different from Cyanophyta (Cyanobacteria).
  • In addition to Prochlorophyta, other phytoplankton that lack Phycobilin pigments were later found in freshwater lakes in the Netherlands, by Tineke Burger-Wiersma.
  • Picoplankton observed by epifluorescence microscopy, a technique which allows the detection of certain groups of cells possessing fluorescent pigments; and example would be Synechococcus, which possess phycoerythrin

• Dry Media

  • Dry media consist of pigment with no liquid carrier, and include such media as pencils, charcoal, chalk, pastels, crayons and Conte.
  • Dry media in drawing refers to media that are, obviously, not wet; that is, they consist of pigment with no liquid carrier.
  • Pastel sticks or crayons consist of pure powdered pigment combined with a binder.
  • The sticks have a higher portion of pigment and less binder, resulting in brighter colors.
  • A crayon made of oiled chalk is called an oil pastel; when made of pigment with a dry binder, it is simply a pastel.