Oasis Theory

Examples of Oasis Theory in the following topics:

• The Neolithic Revolution

  • There are several competing (but not mutually exclusive) theories about the factors that drove populations to take up agriculture.
  • The Oasis Theory, originally proposed by Raphael Pumpelly in 1908, and popularized by V.
  • However, this theory has little support amongst archaeologists today because subsequent climate data suggests that the region was getting wetter rather than drier.
  • The Demographic theories proposed by Carl Sauer and adapted by Lewis Binford and Kent Flannery posit that an increasingly sedentary population outgrew the resources in the local environment and required more food than could be gathered.
  • The Evolutionary/Intentionality theory, developed by David Rindos and others, views agriculture as an evolutionary adaptation of plants and humans.

• Conflict Theory

  • Provide an overview of conflict theory, including its most prominent theorists.

• Drive-Reduction Theory

• Freud's Psychosexual Theory of Development

• Drive Theory

• Managerial Assumption: McGregor

  • McGregor's main theory is comprised of Theory X and Theory Y.
  • Theory Y is in line with behavioral management theories.
  • Theory Y managers are generally the opposite.
  • McGregor was a lifetime proponent of Theory Y.
  • Explain Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y approach, merging classical and behavioral organizational theories

• Political Opportunity Theory

  • Describe how and why political opportunities are important to social movements according to political opportunity theory.

• New Social Movement theories

• Scientific Method

  • If a theory can accommodate all possible results then it is not a scientific theory.
  • Although strictly speaking, disconfirming an hypothesis deduced from a theory disconfirms the theory, it rarely leads to the abandonment of the theory.
  • If the theory has to be modified over and over to accommodate new findings, the theory generally becomes less and less parsimonious.
  • This can lead to discontent with the theory and the search for a new theory.
  • If a new theory is developed that can explain the same facts in a more parsimonious way, then the new theory will eventually supersede the old theory.

• Cannon–Bard Theory of Emotion

  • The Cannon–Bard theory of emotion argues that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously but independently.
  • Researchers have developed several theories of how human emotions arise and are represented in the brain.
  • The Cannon–Bard theory of emotion was developed by researchers who criticized the James–Lange theory for its limited ability to account for the wide variety of emotions experienced by human beings.
  • While the James–Lange theory proposes that emotions arise from physical arousal the Cannon–Bard theory argues that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously, yet independently (Lang, 1994).
  • According to the Cannon–Bard theory, emotional expression results from activation of the subcortical centers of the brain.