New York Convention

Examples of New York Convention in the following topics:

• Arbitration

  • The principal instrument governing the enforcement of commercial international arbitration agreements and awards is the United Nations Convention on Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of 1958 (the "New York Convention").
  • The New York Convention was drafted under the auspices of the United Nations and has been ratified by more than 140 countries, including most major countries involved in significant international trade and economic transactions .
  • The New York Convention requires that the states that have ratified it to recognize and enforce international arbitration agreements and foreign arbitral awards issued in other contracting states, subject to certain limited exceptions.
  • These provisions of the New York Convention, together with the large number of contracting states, has created an international legal regime that significantly favors the enforcement of international arbitration agreements and awards.
  • This map depicts all of the countries who have signed on to the New York Convention.

• The Final Document

  • In New York, fully two thirds of the convention delegates were at first opposed to the Constitution.
  • Hamilton led the Federalist campaign, which included the fast-paced appearance of the Federalist Papers in New York newspapers.
  • Following Massachusetts's lead, the Federalist minorities in both Virginia and New York were able to obtain ratification in convention by linking ratification to recommended amendments.
  • New York Anti's "circular letter" was sent to each state legislature proposing a second constitutional convention for "amendments before".
  • Congress directed the new government to begin in New York City on the first Wednesday in March, and on March 4, 1789, the government duly began operations.

• From Annapolis to Philadelphia

  • Prior to the Annapolis Convention and the 1787 Philadelphia convention that saw the drafting of the United States Constitution, delegates from Virginia and Maryland met at George Washington's home at Mount Vernon, Virginia in March 1785.
  • In January 1786, Virginia invited all the states to attend a meeting on commercial issues that would be the ground-breaking Annapolis Convention, where twelve delegates from five states unanimously called for a constitutional convention.
  • Long dissatisfied with the weak Articles of Confederation, Alexander Hamilton of New York played a major role in the Annapolis Convention.
  • The convention met in September 1786.
  • New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and North Carolina had appointed commissioners who failed to arrive in Annapolis in time to attend the meeting, while Connecticut, Maryland, South Carolina and Georgia had taken no action at all.

• The Ratification of the Constitution

  • Clearly the larger states such as Virgina, New York and Massachusetts woukld be especially critical to this process.
  • In New York, fully two-thirds of the convention delegates were at first opposed to the Constitution.
  • Hamilton led the Federalist's campaign, which included the fast-paced appearance of The Federalist Papers in New York newspapers, and on July 26, 1788, New York ratified with a recommendation that a bill of rights be added.
  • The process of organizing the government began soon after ratification by Virginia and New York.
  • On September 13, 1788, Congress fixed the city of New York as the seat of the new government.

• The Annapolis Convention

  • The Annapolis Convention, led by Alexander Hamilton, was one of two conventions that met to amend the Articles of Confederation.
  • Long dissatisfied with the weak Articles of Confederation, Alexander Hamilton of New York played a major leadership role in drafting a resolution for a constitutional convention, which was later to be called the Annapolis Convention.
  • "New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and North Carolina had appointed commissioners who failed to arrive in Annapolis in time to attend the meeting, while Connecticut, Maryland, South Carolina and Georgia had taken no action at all.
  • Hamilton called the Annapolis Convention together and played a prominent role in the Philadelphia Convention the following year.
  • Discuss the impact of the Annapolis Convention on the U.S.

• The Ratification Debate

  • On September 17, 1787, the the delegates at the Philadelphia Convention finalized the new United States Constitution.
  • More populous states, such as Virginia, New York, and Massachusetts, would be critical to this process.
  • In New York, fully two-thirds of the convention delegates were initially opposed to the Constitution.
  • The process of organizing the government began soon after Virginia and New York's ratification.
  • The Continental Congress–which still functioned at irregular intervals–passed a resolution on September 13, 1788, to promulgate the new Constitution and set New York City as the seat of the new government.

• The Holdouts: Virginia and New York

  • New York and Virginia both faced ratification battles on ideological grounds.
  • The document that the Philadelphia Convention presented was technically only a revision of the Articles of Confederation, but the last article of the new instrument provided that when ratified by conventions in nine states (or 2/3 at the time), it should go into effect among the states so acting.
  • Whether they were primarily responsible for New York's eventual ratification of the Constitution, however, is questionable.
  • Furthermore, by the time New York came to a vote, 10 states had already ratified the Constitution and it had thus already passed—the earlier ratification of the Constitution in Virginia, the tenth state to do so, placed extra pressure on New York to also ratify.
  • Examine the reasons why New York and Virginia hesitated to support the ratification of the Constitution

• National Convention

  • A United States presidential nominating convention is a political convention held every four years in the United States.
  • Generally, usage of "presidential nominating convention" refers to the two major parties' quadrennial events: the Democratic National Convention and the Republican National Convention .
  • From the point of view of the parties, the convention cycle begins with the Call to Convention.
  • The speakers at the 2004 Democratic convention included Ted Kennedy, a forty-year veteran of the United States Senate, and Jimmy Carter, a former Democratic President, while at the Republican convention speakers included Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger of California and Governor George Pataki of New York, two of the largest states in the nation.
  • Despite recent controversy maintaining that recent conventions were scripted from beginning to end, and that very little news comes out of the convention, the acceptance speech has always been televised by the networks, because it receives the highest ratings of the convention.

• The National Convention

  • There is no such suspense at modern conventions.
  • Due to primaries and increased access to national news, each party essentially knows who its candidate will be before the convention.
  • Conventions today are largely ceremonial events with little influence on the presidential campaign beyond how the convention is received in the press.
  • From the point of view of the parties, the convention cycle begins with the Call to Convention.
  • The evening's speeches - designed for broadcast to a large national audience—are reserved for major speeches by notable, respected public figures; the speakers at the 2004 Democratic convention included Ted Kennedy, a forty-year veteran of the United States Senate, and Jimmy Carter, a former Democratic President, while at the Republican convention speakers included Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger of California and Governor George Pataki of New York, two of the largest states in the nation.

• Federalists and Antifederalists

  • While the Constitutional Convention was held to revise the Articles of Confederation, an entirely new constitution was drafted.
  • However, many delegates intended to use this convention to draft a new constitution.
  • At the Convention, the primary issue was representation of the states.
  • The documents were intended for the state of New York, though people from across the country read them.
  • Explain the arguments made by the Federalists and Anti-Federalists over the new U.S.