Examples of neurodevelopmental disorder in the following topics:
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- Autism and ADHD are neurodevelopmental disorders that arise when nervous system development is disrupted.
- Neurodevelopmental disorders occur when the development of the nervous system is disturbed.
- There are several different classes of neurodevelopmental disorders.
- Some disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, have complex symptoms.
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD, sometimes just "autism") is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which severity differs from person to person.
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- Schizophrenia and depression are just two examples of mental illnesses caused by a disorder of the nervous system.
- Mental illnesses are nervous system disorders that result in problems with thinking, mood, or relating with other people.
- There are several types of mental disorders including schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and many others.
- The American Psychiatric Association publishes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (or DSM), which describes the symptoms required for a patient to be diagnosed with a particular mental disorder.
- Major depression (also referred to as just "depression" or "major depressive disorder") affects approximately 6.7 percent of the adults in the United States each year and is one of the most common mental disorders.
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- Intellectual disabilities are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning.
- An intellectual disability is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning.
- According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (the DSM-5), three criteria must be met for a diagnosis of intellectual disability:
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- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is considered a type of learning disability.
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by limitations in language and social skills.
- While previously divided into different disorders, the DSM-5 now uses the term ASD to include autism, Asperger syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS).
- Although many children with ASD display normal intelligence, they may require special support due to other symptoms of the disorder.
- Dyslexia is the most recognized of reading disorders; however not all reading disorders are linked to dyslexia.
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- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by repetitive behaviors and difficulties with communication and social interaction.
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- ADHD is a developmental disorder characterized by inattention, distractibility, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorder characterized by a constant pattern of inattention and/or hyperactive and impulsive behavior that interferes with normal functioning.
- The first official recognition of the disorder was "attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity," in the DSM-III (published in 1980).
- Revisions to the DSM eventually renamed the disorder as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- Genetics determine about 75% of all ADHD cases, as the disorder is highly inheritable.
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- It brings together several disorders that were previously included in other chapters (such as oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, pyromania, and kleptomania) into one single category.
- In addition, antisocial personality disorder is listed both here and in the chapter on personality disorders.
- These factors may also vary based on the age of onset, with different variables related to early (e.g., neurodevelopmental basis) and adolescent (e.g., social/peer relationships) onset.
- Effects of ODD can be greatly amplified by the presence of other disorders such as ADHD, depression, or substance use disorders.
- The disorder itself is not easily characterized and often exhibits comorbidity with other mood disorders, particularly bipolar disorder.
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- Cluster A disorders include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder.
- Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) is a mental disorder characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspicion and general mistrust of others.
- These symptoms must not be attributable to an autism spectrum disorder or to schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder.
- Socialization groups may also help some people with schizoid personality disorder.
- These symptoms must not be attributable to an autism spectrum disorder or to schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder.