National Election Studies

Examples of National Election Studies in the following topics:

• The National Election Studies

  • The American National Election Studies (ANES) is the leading academically run national survey of voters in the United States.
  • The American National Election Studies (ANES) is the leading academically-run national survey of voters in the United States, conducted before and after every presidential election.
  • Though the ANES was formally established by a National Science Foundation grant in 1977, the data are a continuation of studies going back to 1948.
  • Based on one of the first comprehensive studies of election survey data (what eventually became the National Election Studies), came the conclusion that most voters cast their ballots primarily on the basis of partisan identification (which is often simply inherited from their parents), and that independent voters are actually the least involved in and attentive to politics.
  • It is widely considered the "gold standard" of election studies.

• The Purpose of Elections

  • Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century.
  • However, in the European Union, one can vote in municipal elections if one lives in the municipality and is an EU citizen; the nationality of the country of residence is not required.
  • Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century.
  • Elections fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the executive and judiciary, and for regional and local government.
  • However, in the European Union, one can vote in municipal elections if one lives in the municipality and is an EU citizen; the nationality of the country of residence is not required.

• The Election of 2004

  • On July 6, 2004, John Kerry selected John Edwards as his running mate, shortly before the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston held later that month.
  • The Bush campaign also sought to characterize Kerry as an elitist out of touch with regular Americans—Kerry had studied overseas, spoke fluent French, and married a wealthy foreign-born heiress.
  • Bush focused his campaign on national security, presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasting Kerry as a "flip-flopper."
  • High voter turnout in addition to the nation's growing population meant that both Bush and Kerry received more votes than any presidential candidate in American history.
  • Across the nation, most governorships also went to Republicans, and Republicans dominated many state legislatures.

• Winning an Election: Majority, Plurality, and Proportional Representation

  • The study of formally defined voting systems is called social choice theory, a subfield of political science, economics, and mathematics.
  • It is the binary decision rule used most often in influential decision-making bodies, including the legislatures of democratic nations.

• Socioeconomic Factors

  • Studies show that this is true, even controlling for other factors that are closely associated with education level, such as income and class.
  • Educated people develop the skills that allow them to follow and understand national and international events through the mass media.
  • Presidential Election by income.

• The Federal Election Campaign Act

  • The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 is a United States federal law which increased disclosure of contributions for federal campaigns.
  • The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 is a United States federal law which increased disclosure of contributions for federal campaigns.
  • The amendment also created the Federal Election Commission (FEC), an independent agency responsible for regulating campaign finance legislation .
  • Congress established the income tax checkoff to provide financing for Presidential general election campaigns and national party conventions.
  • The 1974 amendments also established the Federal Election Commission (FEC) to enforce the law, facilitate disclosure, and administer the public funding program.

• Religious Identity and Politics

  • Catholics now comprise 25% to 27% of the national vote, with over 68 million members today.
  • Kennedy, Catholics have split about 50-50 between the two major parties in national elections.
  • Today one-fifth of the U.S. public–and a third of adults under 30–are religiously unaffiliated according to national polls.
  • According to exit polls in the 2008 Presidential Election, 71% of non-religious whites voted for Democratic candidate Barack Obama, while 74% of white Evangelical Christians voted for Republican candidate John McCain.
  • A comprehensive study by Harvard University professor Robert Putnam found that religious Americans are three to four times more likely than their nonreligious counterparts to "work on community projects, belong to voluntary associations, attend public meetings, vote in local elections, attend protest demonstrations and political rallies, and donate time and money to causes–including secular ones. "

• The Election of 1984

  • In the national popular vote, Reagan received 58.8% to Mondale's 40.6%.
  • Mondale gradually pulled away from Hart in the delegate count, and at the Democratic National Convention in San Francisco on July 16, Mondale received the overwhelming support of the un-elected super delegates from the party establishment to win the nomination.
  • They characterized such Reagan Democrats as southern whites and northern blue collar workers who voted for Reagan because they credited him with the economic recovery, saw Reagan as strong on national security issues, and perceived the Democrats as supporting the poor and minorities at the expense of the middle class.
  • The Democratic National Committee commissioned a study after the election that came to these conclusions; however, it suppressed the "explosive report" out of fear that it would offend its key voters.

• Voting Behavior

  • In spite of significant study devoted to the issue, scholars are divided on reasons for the decline.
  • In each nation, some parts of society are more likely to vote than others.
  • In low turnout nations, however, the differences between voters and non-voters can be quite marked.
  • Women make up a very small percentage of elected officials, both at local and national levels.
  • Presidential Election, the candidates, John Kerry, and George W.

• Al Smith and the Election of 1928

  • He never attended high school or college, and claimed he learned about people by studying them at the Fulton Fish Market in the Bronx, where he worked since he was a boy for $12 per week.
  • National prosperity and widespread anti-Catholic sentiment made Hoover’s election inevitable and he won in a landslide over Smith by pledging to continue the economic boom of the preceding Coolidge administration.