molding

Examples of molding in the following topics:

• Casting

  • The liquid hardens or sets inside the mold, adopting its shape.
  • 'Waste molds' are single-use molds, often used to cast materials such as plastic resin or concrete.
  • 'Piece molds' are molds that are made of small pieces of flexible material, such as latex or rubber, and can be used for multiple casts.
  • Most molds are made of at least two pieces, and a 'shim' is placed between the parts so that the mold can be put back together accurately.
  • Once the mold is finished, liquid wax is poured into it and moved around until there is an even coating on the inner surface of the mold.

• Protist Life Cycles and Habitats

  • The slime molds are categorized on the basis of their life cycles into plasmodial or cellular types.
  • The slime mold glides along, lifting and engulfing food particles, especially bacteria.
  • The cellular slime molds function as independent amoeboid cells when nutrients are abundant .
  • When food is depleted, cellular slime molds aggregate into a mass of cells that behaves as a single unit called a slug.
  • As with plasmodial slime molds, the spores are disseminated and can germinate if they land in a moist environment.

• Amoebozoa and Opisthokonta

  • The best known and most well-studied member of this group is the slime mold.
  • The slime molds are categorized on the basis of their life cycles into plasmodial or cellular types.
  • Food particles are lifted and engulfed into the slime mold as it glides along.
  • The cellular slime molds function as independent amoeboid cells when nutrients are abundant .
  • Badhamia utricularis: an example of a plasmodial slime mold with the ability to form a fruiting body.

• Edible Fungi

  • The kingdom includes yeasts and molds (both microorganisms) and mushrooms.
  • Molds are fungi which cells grow in long chains of filamentous hyphae.
  • The first antibiotic used in modern medicine, penicillin, was isolated form Penicillium mold.
  • The mold adds specific smell and flavor to the cheese.
  • Describe how yeast, molds and mushrooms are used in the food industry

• Zygomycota: The Conjugated Fungi

  • They include the familiar bread mold, Rhizopus stolonifer, which rapidly propagates on the surfaces of breads, fruits, and vegetables.
  • The black tips of bread mold, Rhizopus stolonifer, are the swollen sporangia packed with black spores .
  • Sporangia grow at the end of stalks, which appear as (a) white fuzz seen on this bread mold, Rhizopus stolonifer.
  • The (b) tips of bread mold are the spore-containing sporangia.

• Citric Acid and Other Organic Compounds

  • Penicillium mold was the first described organism to produce citric acid but industrially another mold, Aspergillus niger, became the microorganism of choice .
  • The mold is grown in a medium with sucrose or glucose as the main carbon source.
  • Explain how citric acid and other organic compounds are produced by the mold Aspergillus niger

• Thermosetting vs. Thermoplastic Polymers

  • This reflects the fact that above Tg they may be shaped or pressed into molds, spun or cast from melts or dissolved in suitable solvents for later fashioning.
  • Such polymers are usually prepared in molds that yield the desired object.

• Fossil Formation

  • Fossils can form under ideal conditions by preservation, permineralization, molding (casting), replacement, or compression.
  • This depression is called a mold.
  • Many mollusks (bivalves, snails, and squid) are commonly found as molds and casts because their shells dissolve easily .
  • The depression in the image is an external mold of a bivalve from the Logan Formation, Lower Carboniferous, Ohio

• Bronze Sculpture in the Greek Early Classical Period

  • Once completed , a mold would be made of the clay core and an additional wax mold would also be created.
  • The wax mold would then be placed between the clay core and the clay mold, creating a pocket, and the wax would be melted out of the mold, after which the gap would be filled with bronze.
  • Once cooled, the exterior clay mold and interior clay core would be carefully removed and the bronze statue would be finished.
  • Because the clay mold must be broken when removing the figure, the lost wax method can be used only for making one-of-a-kind sculptures.

• Fungi

  • A fungus is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds.
  • Stachybotrys chartarum, also referred to as black mold, causes respiratory damage and severe headaches.
  • This type of black mold frequently occurs in households that are chronically damp.