Examples of Modernization Theory in the following topics:
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- Classical theory, the first modern school of economic thought, reoriented economics from individual interests to national interests.
- Classical theory was the first modern school of economic thought.
- During the period in which classical theory emerged, society was undergoing many changes.
- Classical theory reoriented economics away from individual interests to national interests.
- Adam Smith was one of the individuals who helped establish classical economic theory.
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- Cell theory states: living things are composed of one or more cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; cells arise from existing cells.
- By the late 1830s, botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann were studying tissues and proposed the unified cell theory.
- Rudolf Virchow later made important contributions to this theory.
- The generally accepted portions of the modern Cell Theory are as follows:
- The cell is the basic unit of life and the study of the cell led to the development of the cell theory.
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- Social cycle theories are among the earliest social theories in sociology.
- In fact, the early theory of Sima Qian, a Chinese historiographer of the Han Dynasty and typically considered to be the father of Chinese historiography, the more recent theories of long-term ("secular") political-demographic cycles as well as the Varnic theory of P.R.
- Sociological cycle theory was also developed by Pitirim A.
- The presence of political-demographic cycles in the pre-modern history of Europe and China , and in chiefdom level societies worldwide has been known for quite a long time, and already in the 1980s more or less developed mathematical models of demographic cycles started to be produced.
- Modern social scientists from different fields have introduced cycle theories to predict civilizational collapses in approaches that apply contemporary methods, which update the approach of Spengler, such as the work of Joseph Tainter suggesting a civilizational life-cycle.
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- Dalton introduced a theory that proposed that elements differed due to the mass of their atoms.
- Although the concept of the atom dates back to the ideas of Democritus, the English meteorologist and chemist John Dalton formulated the first modern description of it as the fundamental building block of chemical structures.
- Since Dalton reached his conclusions by experimentation and examination of the results in an empirical fashion, this marked the first truly scientific theory of the atom.
- Atomic theory has been revised over the years to incorporate the existence of atomic isotopes and the interconversion of mass and energy.
- However, Dalton's importance in the development of modern atomic theory has been recognized by the designation of the atomic mass unit as a Dalton.
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- Atomic theory is a scientific theory of the nature of matter which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms.
- Atomic theory is a scientific theory of the nature of matter which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms , as opposed to the obsolete notion that matter could be divided into any arbitrarily small quantity.
- Philosophical proposals regarding atoms have been suggested since the years of the ancient Greeks, but John Dalton was the first to propose a scientific theory of atoms.
- He based his study on two laws about chemical reactions that emerged (without referring to the notion of an atomic theory) in the late 18th century.
- For this reason, Dalton is considered the originator of modern atomic theory.
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- McGregor's main theory is comprised of Theory X and Theory Y.
- Theory Y is in line with behavioral management theories.
- Theory Y managers are generally the opposite.
- Modern organizations in developed countries generally side with McGregor, in that they believe Theory Y is superior in getting positive results from employees (and subsequently job satisfaction for employees).
- Explain Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y approach, merging classical and behavioral organizational theories
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- Though the theory turns out not to be true, the logic follows that of Durkheim's explanation of organic solidarity.
- In modern society, collective effervescence continues to play a role in cementing social solidarity.
- One of Durkheim's primary goals was to analyze how how modern societies could maintain social integration after the traditional bonds of family and church were replaced by modern economic relations.
- Durkheim worried that modernity might herald the disintegration of society.
- Professor Dan Krier, of Iowa State University, explains Durkheim's theories of social solidarity and modernity.
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- Organizational theory then uses these patterns to formulate normative theories of how organizations function best.
- Correctly applying organizational theory can have several benefits for both the organization and society at large.
- One example of how development in an organization affects the modern era is through factory production.
- Organizational theory examines patterns in meeting stakeholders' needs.
- Define the value and applications of organizational theory from a business perspective.
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- Mainstream modern economics can be broken down into four schools of economic thought: classical, Marxian, Keynesian, and the Chicago School.
- Throughout the history of economic theory, several methods for approaching the topic are noteworthy enough, and different enough from one another, to be distinguished as particular 'schools of economic thought. ' While economists do not always fit into particular schools, especially in modern times, classifying economists into a particular school of thought is common.
- Mainstream modern economics can be broken down into four schools of economic thought:
- Neo-classical economics derives from this school, but differs because it is utilitarian in its value theory and because it uses marginal theory as the basis of its models and equations.
- This school focuses on the labor theory of value and what Marx considers to be the exploitation of labor by capital.
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- For example, the modern prison is a template for these institutions, because it controls its inmates by the perfect use of discipline.
- Karl Marx is the father of the social conflict theory, which is a component of the four paradigms of sociology.
- In conflict theory, deviant behaviors are actions that do not comply with social institutions.
- Rather, the modern state receives praise for its fairness and dispersion of power that, instead of controlling each individual, controls the mass.
- The modern prison is a template for these institutions, because it controls its inmates by the perfect use of discipline.