medieval

Examples of medieval in the following topics:

• Gothic Architecture and Sculpture

  • Gothic Revival began in England the the 1740s, swept through Europe, and drew from medieval roots.
  • Its popularity grew rapidly in the early 19th century, when increasingly serious and learned admirers of Neo-Gothic styles sought to revive medieval Gothic architecture, in contrast to the Neoclassical styles that were prevalent at the time.
  • The Gothic Revival was supported by medievalism, which had its roots in antiquarian concerns of survivals (practices that continue from earlier times) and curiosities (unique or unusual objects).
  • Proponents of the picturesque, such as Thomas Carlyle and Augustus Pugin, took a critical view of industrial society and portrayed pre-industrial medieval society as a golden age.

• Italian Painting: Giotto

  • Giotto was one of the most revered painters of his time and an important bridge between the medieval and renaissance periods.
  • He would go on to become one of the most revered painters of his time, and an important bridge between the medieval and renaissance periods.
  • Giotto's distinct contribution to the history of art was a return to a style that directly references the natural world, a style that had not been emphasized by Medieval or Byzantine painters.
  • While Medieval and Byzantine styles favored flat, elongated figures and a lack of natural perspective Giotto returned painting to a style that aimed to capture the naturalism of the human form.

• Buddhist Wall Paintings

  • Buddhist wall paintings could be traced back to the Gupta period and were one of the dominant art forms of the early medieval period in India.
  • The dynasties of Medieval India were predominantly Hindu, though some were Jaina and a very few were Buddhist.
  • The Hindu kingdoms of medieval India fell easily to the Islamic invaders, and soon the majority of India was under varying degrees of Islamic control.
  • These frescoes, along with those of the Ajanta caves and Bagh, are considered to be the high point of Medieval Indian art.
  • Describe the cave murals, rock-cut monasteries and miniature paintings created during India's early Medieval period.

• Modes and Ragas

  • The most familiar of these to the Western listener are medieval chant and the classical music of India.

• The Medieval Church Modes

  • Sacred music in the middle ages in Western Europe - Gregorian chant, for example - was also modal, and the medieval church modes were also considered to have different effects on the listener.
  • All of this may seem very arbitrary, but it's important to remember that medieval mode theory, just like our modern music theory, was not trying to invent a logical system of music.
  • The tuning system used in medieval Europe was also not our familiar equal temperament system.
  • Slight adjustments are made in tuning and intervals to make them more pleasant to the ear; and the medieval ear had different preferences than our modern ears.
  • The modern symbols for sharp, natural, and flat evolved from medieval notation indicating what type of B should be used.

• Bibliography

  • Donald Jay Grout's A History of Western Music introduces both Greek and medieval modes.

• Other Non-Western Modal Musics

  • To the average Western listener, medieval European chant and classical Indian music are the two most familiar traditions that are not based on major and minor scales.
  • Some of these have modes similar to the medieval Church modes; they also tend to be a list of notes (or a pattern of intervals) used with a specific finalis, which may encourage certain types of melodies.

• The Gothic Revival

  • The Gothic Revival was an architectural movement beginning in England during the 1740s that sought to revive medieval forms.
  • Also termed Victorian Gothic and Neo-Gothic, the style sought to revive medieval forms, much like the Neoclassical style sought to revive works from classical antiquity.
  • During the 18th century, the the ruins of medieval Gothic architecture began to receive newfound appreciation after having been relatively dismissed in the overall history of architecture.
  • Some critics believe there was a kind of nostalgia for an enchanted, less rational world that was linked to the perceived superstitions of medieval Catholicism.
  • Supporters of medievalism criticized industrial society, believing the pre-industrial model to be a golden age.

• Living in Europe

  • The fourteenth century was filled with transformation and turmoil; it is also a bridge between the medieval period and the Renaissance.
  • In terms of art culture and architecture, this century is a bridge between the Middle Ages or medieval period and the Renaissance or Early Modern Period.
  • Medieval art was characterized by Gothic architecture and material arts like sculpture, illuminated manuscripts , stained glass, metalwork, frescoes , and textiles.
  • The style developed initially in France and then spread to Christian Spain, England, Flanders, Germany, Italy, and elsewhere to become the first medieval style found all over Europe, though with regional differences.

• Crime and Punishment

  • During medieval times, there were extremely harsh punishments for all crimes.
  • There were two different types of trials during medieval times that helped decide whether or not a person was guilty of the crime of which they were accused.
  • Medieval and early modern European courts used torture, depending on the crime of the accused and his or her social status.