masculinity
(noun)
the degree or property of being masculine or manly; manliness
Examples of masculinity in the following topics:
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Gender Differences in Social Interaction
- Masculine and feminine individuals generally differ in how they communicate with others.
- Masculine people form friendships with other masculine people based on common interests, while feminine people build friendships with other feminine people based on mutual support.
- For this reason, feminine people often feel closer to their friends than masculine people do.
- These cultures can be categorized as masculine or feminine.
- Wood's studies explain that "communication produces and reproduces cultural definitions of masculinity and femininity. " Masculine and feminine cultures differ dramatically in when, how, and why they use communication.
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First and Second Declension
- In these the Masculine is declined like hortus, puer, or ager, the Feminine like porta, and the Neuter like bellum.
- Thus, Masculine like hortus:—
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Research Examples
- Edward Sumerau on gay Christian men's attempts to construct masculine selves within the context of a gay-friendly religious organization.
- Sumerau spent over 3 years observing the ways gay Christian males signified themselves as men, and sought to claim privileges typically associated with masculinity.
- Ze found that the gay Christian males drew upon existing notions of masculinity, such as beliefs that men are breadwinners and leaders, emotionally controlled and rational, and dominants within relationships.
- This was done to demonstrate their "masculine" selves to one another and convince themselves of their "rightful" place as church and community leaders.
- The lesson: Masculinities may be constructed via the use of everyday assumptions and beliefs built into the gender norms of a given society.
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Gender
- By grammatical gender, nouns denoting things or qualities are often Masculine or Feminine, simply by virtue of their signification or the ending of the Nominative Singular.
- Certain nouns are sometimes Masculine, sometimes Feminine.
- Thus, sacerdōs may mean either priest or priestess, and is Masculine or Feminine accordingly.
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Gender and Research
- Early gender identity research hypothesized a single bipolar dimension of masculinity-femininity—that is masculinity and femininity were opposites on one continuum.
- Two instruments incorporating the multidimensional aspects of masculinity and femininity have dominated gender identity research: the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ).
- Both instruments categorize individuals as either being sex typed (males report themselves as identifying primarily with masculine traits, females report themselves as identifying primarily with feminine traits), cross sex-typed (males report themselves as identifying primarily with feminine traits, females report themselves as identifying primarily with masculine traits), androgynous (either males or females who report themselves as high on both masculine and feminine traits) or undifferentiated (either males or females who report themselves as low on both masculine and feminine traits).
- Twenge (1997) noted that, although men are generally more masculine than women and women generally more feminine than men, the association between biological sex and masculinity/femininity is waning.
- In this image, a woman is seen working in a traditionally masculine setting, challenging gender roles of the time.
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Gender
- The other pair, men and women, refers to what are now generally regarded as socially constructed concepts that convey the contextually fluid cultural ideals or values of masculinity and femininity.
- Gender exists on a continuum because feminine males and masculine females are not only possible but common, and the varying degrees of masculinity and femininity we see (and embody ourselves) are often separate from sexual orientation or preference.
- On the other hand, the goal for typically masculine communication is to establish individuality.
- Distinguish between communicating in a feminine style with communicating in a masculine style
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Third Declension
- Masculine and Feminine stems ending in a liquid form the Nominative and Vocative Singular without termination.
- They always have -ī in the Ablative Singular, -ia in the Nominative, Accusative, and Vocative Plural, and -ium in the Genitive Plural, thus holding more steadfastly to the i-character than do Masculine and Feminine ĭ-Stems.
- Nouns in -ō, -or, -ōs, -er, -ĕs are Masculine.
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Biological Differences
- ., pursue masculine behaviors), especially earlier in life, combined with their typically more physically stressing occupations.
- Others have noted the negative effects that stress and lack of emotional expression (a hallmark trait associated with masculinities) place on the body, and the tendency for females to seek help and treatment (traditionally feminine behaviors) as factors in this pattern.
- However, females are, statistically, twice as vulnerable to anxiety disorders and depression (possibly due to their experience as a subordinate or minority group within many societies), but only one-third as vulnerable to suicide and one-fifth as vulnerable to alcoholism (potentially due to traditional definitions of masculinities that link violence and substance abuse to masculinities).
- This (along with masculine socialization emphasizing acting out, being loud, and avoiding being controlled) could possibly explain why males are diagnosed with ADHD more often (and may be the result of feminine socialization emphasizing the care-taking of others).
- Females are able to see facial expressions / emotions better while males are able to see motion better (mirroring gender socialization emphasis on feminine care-taking and communication and masculine attention to action).
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Fourth Declension
- Nouns of the Fourth Declension end in -us Masculine, and -ū Neuter.
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The Interactionist Perspective
- This type of approach would appeal to the analytical characteristics typically associated with masculinity.
- Both masculinity and feminity are performed gender identities, in the sense that gender is something we do or perform, not something we are .
- In the context of gender, if society perceives a man as masculine, that man will consider himself as masculine.
- The woman in this picture blurs the boundaries between the symbols that are traditionally considered masculine or feminine.
- While she has long hair and is wearing makeup, typically feminine markers, her clothes are much more masculine in nature.