Manhattan Project
World History
(noun)
A research and development project that produced the first nuclear weapons during World War II.
U.S. History
Examples of Manhattan Project in the following topics:
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The Atomic Bomb
- Through Operation Alsos, Manhattan Project personnel served in Europe, sometimes behind enemy lines, where they gathered nuclear materials and rounded up German scientists.
- In the immediate postwar years, the Manhattan Project conducted weapons testing at Bikini Atoll as part of Operation Crossroads.
- The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District; Manhattan gradually superseded the official code name, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project.
- Along the way, the Manhattan Project absorbed its earlier British counterpart, Tube Alloys.
- Assess the damages of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and summarize the production of the atomic bomb through the Manhattan Project
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Towards a Systematic Conceptualization of Politics
- Einstein's E = mc squared) are placed on a practical basis by the engineers (e.g. the Manhattan Project).
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The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- On July 16, 1945, the Allied Manhattan Project successfully detonated an atomic bomb in the New Mexico desert and by August had produced atomic weapons based on two alternate designs.
- Fears that a German atomic bomb project would develop atomic weapons first, especially among scientists who were refugees from Nazi Germany and other fascist countries, were expressed in the Einstein-Szilard letter.
- Working in collaboration with the United Kingdom and Canada, with their respective projects Tube Alloys and Chalk River Laboratories, the Manhattan Project, under the direction of Major General Leslie R.
- Robert Oppenheimer to organize and head the project's Los Alamos Laboratory in New Mexico, where bomb design work was carried out.
- Parsons said that Project Alberta would have it ready by August 11, but Tibbets pointed to weather reports indicating poor flying conditions on that day due to a storm, and asked if the bomb could be readied by August 9.
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The Potsdam Conference
- Stalin, though, had full knowledge of the atomic bomb's development due to Soviet spy networks inside the Manhattan Project, and told Truman at the conference to "make good use of this new addition to the Allied arsenal."
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The Growth of Suburbs
- The streetcar lines in Boston and the rail lines into Manhattan made daily commutes possible.
- Westchester's true importance in the history of American suburbanization derives from the upper-middle class development of villages including Scarsdale, New Rochelle and Rye serving thousands of businessmen and executives from Manhattan.
- Because these properties were summarily declared to be "in decline," families were given pittances for their properties, and were forced into federal housing called "the projects."
- To build these projects, still more single family homes were demolished.
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Washington's Escape from New York
- General Howe then began to lay siege to the works, but Washington skillfully managed a nighttime retreat through his unguarded rear across the East River to Manhattan Island.
- In September, General Howe landed about 12,000 men on lower Manhattan, quickly taking control of New York City.
- This isolated the remaining Continental Army troops in upper Manhattan, so Howe returned to Manhattan and captured Fort Washington in mid November, taking almost 3,000 prisoners.
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The Growth of Cities
- Major industrial projects included the Waterworks, iron water pipes, a gasworks, and the U.S.
- In 1811, New York adopted a grid system of numbered streets and avenues to efficiently develop and sell property in Manhattan.
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Project Management Audits
- Project management audits are used to determine and control the quality, completion, and timing of a project.
- Like a project management audit, a quality audit is an external verification that a project is compliant with regulations and standard.
- Audits in project management also include regulatory audits to provide external verification that a project is compliant with regulations and standards.
- Audits generally provide a good understanding of how a project is running and how in/effectively the project team is.
- When auditing a project, the project manager needs to be clear that the project team does not become suspicious or feel threatened by it.
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Disadvantages of the IRR Method
- In cases where one project has a higher initial investment than a second mutually exclusive project, the first project may have a lower IRR (expected return), but a higher NPV (increase in shareholders' wealth) and should thus be accepted over the second project (assuming no capital constraints).
- In addition, IRR assumes reinvestment of interim cash flows in projects with equal rates of return (the reinvestment can be the same project or a different project).
- This presents a problem, especially for high IRR projects, since there is frequently not another project available in the interim that can earn the same rate of return as the first project.
- NPV vs discount rate comparison for two mutually exclusive projects.
- Project A has a higher NPV (for certain discount rates), even though its IRR (= x-axis intercept) is lower than for project B
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Replacement Projects
- A replacement project is an undertaking in which the company eliminates a project at the end of its life and substitutes another investment.
- The possibility of replacement projects must be taken into account during the process of capital budgeting and subsequent project management.
- A replacement project is an undertaking in which the company eliminates a project at the end of its life and substitutes another investment.
- Most projects have a finite useful life.
- Discounted cash flow analysis should be undertaken for both the existing project and the potential replacement project.