islet

Examples of islet in the following topics:

• Overview of Pancreatic Islets

  • Pancreatic islets, also called the islets of Langerhans, are regions of the pancreas that contain its hormone-producing endocrine cells.
  • The endocrine function of the pancreas helps maintain blood glucose levels, and the structures involved are known as the pancreatic islets, or the islets of Langerhans.
  • Alpha cells that produce glucagon and make up 15–20% of total islet cells.
  • Delta cells that produce somatostatin and make up 3–10% of the total islet cells.
  • The feedback system of the pancreatic islets is paracrine—it is based on the activation and inhibition of the islet cells by the endocrine hormones produced in the islets.

• Types of Cells in the Pancreas

  • Alpha cells that produce glucagon, and make up 15–20% of total islet cells.
  • Beta cells that produce insulin and amylin, and make up 65–80% of the total islet cells.
  • Delta cells that produce somatostatin, and make up 3–10% of the total islet cells.
  • Epsilon cells that produce ghrelin, and make up less than 1% of the total islet cells.
  • A porcine islet of Langerhans.

• Histology of the Pancreas

  • The pancreas serves digestive and endocrine functions, and it is composed of two types of tissue: islets of Langerhans and acini.
  • Lightly-staining clusters of cells are called islets of Langerhans.
  • The part of the pancreas with endocrine function is made up of approximately a million cell clusters called islets of Langerhans.
  • Four main cell types exist in the islets.
  • The islets are a compact collection of endocrine cells arranged in clusters and cords and are crisscrossed by a dense network of capillaries.

• Pancreas

  • The endocrine cells of the pancreas form clusters called pancreatic islets or the islets of Langerhans .
  • The pancreatic islets contain two primary cell types: alpha cells, which produce the hormone glucagon, and beta cells, which produce the hormone insulin.
  • The islets of Langerhans are clusters of endocrine cells found in the pancreas; they stain lighter than surrounding cells.

• Pancreas

  • The part of the pancreas with endocrine function is made up of approximately a million cell clusters called islets of Langerhans.
  • Four main cell types exist in the islets.
  • The islets are a compact collection of endocrine cells arranged in clusters and cords and are crisscrossed by a dense network of capillaries.
  • The capillaries of the islets are lined by layers of endocrine cells in direct contact with vessels, and most endocrine cells are in direct contact with blood vessels, either by cytoplasmic processes or by direct apposition.

• Wood Carving in the Caroline Islands

  • By the 8th or 9th century, islet construction had started, but the distinctive megalithic architecture was probably not begun until the 12th or early 13th century.
  • Today Nan Madol forms an archaeological district covering more than 18 km² and includes the stone architecture built up on a coral reef flat along the shore of Temwen Island, several other artificial islets, and the adjacent Pohnpei main island coastline.
  • The site core with its stone walls encloses an area approximately 1.5 km long by 0.5 km wide and contains nearly 100 artificial islets—stone and coral fill platforms—bordered by tidal canals.
  • Many islets were once occupied by the dwellings of priests, while some islets served a special purpose such as food preparation, canoe construction on Dapahu, or coconut oil preparation on Peinering.
  • High walls surrounding tombs are located on Peinkitel, Karian, and Lemenkou, but the most prominent is the royal mortuary islet of Nandauwas, where walls 18–25 feet high surround a central tomb enclosure within the main courtyard.

• Pancreatic Islet Disorders: Diabetes and Hyperinsulinism

• Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

  • Pancreatic islet cell transplantation is experimental, though growing.
  • Islet cell transplantation is less invasive than a pancreas transplant, which is currently the most commonly-used approach in humans.

• Interactions of Hormones at Target Cells

  • Bundles of cells in the pancreas, called the islets of Langerhans, contain two kinds of cells: alpha cells and beta cells.

• The Aztec People

  • From the 13th century, the Valley of Mexico was the heart of Aztec civilization; here the capital of the Aztec Triple Alliance, the city of Tenochtitlan, was built upon raised islets in Lake Texcoco.
  • All of these sections were interlaced together with a series of canals that allowed for easy transportation throughout the islets of Lake Texcoco.