infection

Examples of infection in the following topics:

• Microorganisms in the Hospital

  • Nosocomial infections can cause severe pneumonia and infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream, and other parts of the body.
  • A nosocomial infection, also known as a hospital-acquired infection or HAI, is an infection whose development is favoured by a hospital environment, such as one acquired by a patient during a hospital visit, or one developed among hospital staff.
  • Such infections include fungal and bacterial infections, and are aggravated by the reduced resistance of individual patients.
  • Nosocomial infections can cause severe pneumonia and infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream, and other parts of the body.
  • HAP is the second most common nosocomial infection (urinary tract infection is the most common), and accounts for 15-20% of the total.

• The TORCH Panel of Tests

  • TORCH infections are a group of viral, bacterial, and protozoan infections that gain access to the fetal bloodstream from the mother.
  • TORCH complex is a medical acronym for a set of perinatal infections (which are infections passed from a pregnant woman to her fetus).
  • TORCH infections can lead to severe fetal anomalies or even fetal loss.
  • The TORCH panel is valuable for checking for infections because the mother often has a mild infection with few or no symptoms.
  • Hematoxylin and Eosin stain showing cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the placenta (CMV placentitis), a TORCH infection.

• Compromised Host

  • Numerous risk factors in the hospital setting can predispose a patient to infection.
  • A nosocomial infection, also known as a hospital-acquired infection or HAI, is an infection whose development is favoured by a hospital environment, such as one acquired by a patient during a hospital visit or one developing among hospital staff.
  • Such infections include fungal and bacterial infections.
  • Numerous risk factors in the hospital setting predispose a patient to infection.
  • Discuss the risk factors that contribute to the acquiring of nosocomial infections or hospital-acquired infections

• Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

  • A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection affecting the urinary tract; about 150 million people develop UTIs each year.
  • Up to 10% of women have a urinary tract infection in a given year and half of women having at least one infection at some point in their lives.
  • A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract.
  • Kidney infection, if it occurs, usually follows a bladder infection but may also result from a blood-borne infection.
  • Lower urinary tract infection is also referred to as a bladder infection.

• Infection

  • An infection is the invasion of tissues by disease-causing microorganisms; two common infections of the skin are athlete's foot and herpes.
  • Hosts normally fight infections themselves via their immune system.
  • Pharmaceuticals can also help fight infections.
  • Hygiene plays an important role in managing an athlete's foot infection.
  • Oral herpes is the most common form of infection.

• Gonorrhea

  • Gonorrhea (also colloquially known as the clap) is a common human sexually transmitted infection.
  • Such infection is asymptomatic in 90% of cases, and produces a sore throat in the remaining 10%.
  • The infection is transmitted from one person to another through vaginal, oral, or anal sex.
  • Men have a 20% risk of getting the infection from a single act of vaginal intercourse with an infected woman.
  • Women have a 60–80% risk of getting the infection from a single act of vaginal intercourse with an infected man.

• Viruses of Archaea

  • The second single stranded DNA virus infecting Archaea is Aeropyrum coil-shaped virus (ACV).
  • A virus infecting archaea was first described in 1974.
  • Two groups of single-stranded DNA viruses that infect archaea have been recently isolated.
  • Species of the genus Salterprovirus infect halophilic archaea species of the Euryarchaeota.
  • Cell of Sulfolobus infected by virus STSV1 observed under microscopy.

• Immunodeficiency

  • Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system cannot appropriately respond to infections.
  • Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), is a disease of the human immune system caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) .
  • During the initial infection, a person may experience a brief period of influenza-like illness.
  • The person has a high probability of becoming infected, including from opportunistic infections and tumors that do not usually affect people who have working immune systems.
  • This weakens the immune system, allowing opportunistic infections.

• Neutralization Reaction

  • The antibody response is crucial for preventing many viral infections and may also contribute to the resolution of an infection.
  • A subset of these antibodies can block viral infection by a process called neutralization.
  • This virus-antibody complex can prevent viral infections in many ways.
  • Antibodies can also neutralize viral infectivity by binding to cell surface receptors.
  • Neutralizing antibodies have shown potential in the treatment of retroviral infections.

• Cystitis

  • Cystitis is a urinary bladder inflammation that is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection of the lower urinary tract infection.
  • A urinary tract infection (UTI), a bacterial infection that affects the lower urinary tract, is also known as a simple cystitis (a bladder infection).
  • It is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection in which case it is referred to as a urinary tract infection.
  • The cause of EC may be attributed to infection by Schistosoma haematobium or by certain medications in afflicted children.
  • This disease can cause chronic urinary tract infections.