Gross (or macroscopic) anatomy

Examples of Gross (or macroscopic) anatomy in the following topics:

• Defining Anatomy

  • Gross (macroscopic) anatomy is the study of anatomical structures that can be seen by the naked eye, such as the external and internal bodily organs.
  • Surface anatomy (or superficial anatomy) is the study of external anatomical features without dissection.
  • Regional anatomy focuses on specific external and internal regions of the body (such as the head or chest) and how different systems work together in that region.
  • Systemic anatomy focuses on the anatomy of different organ systems, such as the respiratory or nervous system.
  • Human anatomy is the study of the structure of the human body, from the microscopic to the macroscopic.

• Gross Anatomy of the Stomach

  • Pylorus or atrium, the lower section of the organ that facilitates emptying the contents into the small intestine.
  • Two smooth muscle valves, or sphincters, keep the contents of the stomach contained:
  • Pyloric sphincter or pyloric orifice, dividing the stomach from the small intestine.
  • From these the veins arise, and pursue a straight course downward, between the tubules, to the submucous tissue; they end either in the lineal and superior mesenteric veins or directly in the portal vein.

• Gross Anatomy

  • All the bones in the body can be described as long bones or flat bones.
  • At the cessation of growth, the epiphyses fuse to the diaphysis, thus obliterating the intermediate area known as the epiphyseal plate or growth plate.
  • Flat bones are broad bones that provide protection or muscle attachment.
  • Filling the interior of the bone is the trabecular bone tissue, an open cell porous network also called cancellous or spongy bone.

• Anatomy of the Digestive System

  • Upon gross dissection, the duodenum may appear to be a unified organ, but it is often divided into two parts based upon function, arterial supply, or embryology.

• Urinary Bladder Cancer

  • Symptoms that may be caused by bladder cancer include: blood in the urine (slightly rusty to bright red in color), frequent urination or feeling the need to urinate without being able to do so, pain during urination, and lower back pain.
  • A hollow, muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ, the bladder sits on the pelvic floor.
  • Bladder cancer characteristically causes blood in the urine; this may be visible to the naked eye (gross [visible or macroscopic] hematuria), or detectable only by microscope (microscopic [or non-visible] hematuria).
  • Other possible symptoms include pain during urination, frequent urination (often termed frequency), or feeling the need to urinate without results.
  • It should be noted that there are many other cause of haematuria, including, but not limited to, bladder or ureteric stones, infection, kidney disease, kidney cancers, and vascular malformations.

• Autopsy

  • A forensic autopsy is carried out when the cause of death may be a criminal matter, while a clinical or academic autopsy is performed to find the medical cause of death and is used in cases of unknown or uncertain death, or for research purposes.
  • Autopsies are performed for either legal or medical purposes.
  • For example, a forensic autopsy is carried out when the cause of death may be a criminal matter, while a clinical or academic autopsy is performed to find the medical cause of death and is used in cases of unknown or uncertain death or for research purposes.
  • Toxicology, biochemical tests and/or genetic testing often supplement these and frequently assist the pathologist in assigning the cause or causes of death.
  • The Anatomy Lesson of Dr.

• Hemispheric Lateralization

  • Broad generalizations are often made in popular psychology about one hemisphere having a broad label, such as "logical" for the left side or "creative" for the right.
  • If a specific region of the brain or even an entire hemisphere is either injured or destroyed, its functions can sometimes be taken over by a neighboring region, even in the opposite hemisphere, depending upon the area damaged and the patient's age.
  • The areas of exploration of this causal or effectual difference of a particular brain function include gross anatomy, dendritic structure, and neurotransmitter distribution.
  • Short of having undergone a hemispherectomy (removal of a cerebral hemisphere), no one is a "left-brain only" or "right-brain only" person.
  • Scientists continue to explore how some cognitive functions tend to be dominated by one side or the other; that is, how they are lateralized.