glass ceiling

Examples of glass ceiling in the following topics:

• Social Mobility in the U.S.

  • Women's glass ceiling, or the upper limit on their upward mobility, has risen significantly since the feminist movement of the 1960s-70s.
  • The limit to women's and minorities' upward mobility is called the glass ceiling.
  • The glass ceiling is thought to prevent women and minorities from occupying more than a very small percentage of top managerial positions.
  • For women, another explanation for the glass ceiling effect in the American work force is the job-family trade off.
  • Explain how the "glass ceiling" and other factors lower social mobility in the United States

• Barriers to Organizational Diversity

  • This misallocation of human resources is called the glass ceiling.
  • The glass ceiling represents an invisible barrier to employees of minority backgrounds, one that keeps them from achieving executive positions in corporations.
  • Though this gap highlights gender inequality in particular, the strength of the empirical data suggests that a glass ceiling could apply to any minority group.
  • Wages grouped by gender and education reveal a "glass ceiling" for women in the workplace, and the wage gap between men and women only grows as educational attainment increases.

• Inequalities of Work

  • The larger schema into which the gender pay gap fits is the notion of a "glass ceiling" for women in the workplace.
  • The term refers to institutional barriers for which there is little hope for legal redress and, thus, appear to be as invisible as glass but that nevertheless limit the rise of women in the workplace.
  • Certainly, the pay gap and other economic issues play into the notion of a glass ceiling, but the term also refers to more general power dynamics.
  • During the 2008 American presidential election, Senator Hillary Clinton's campaign was considered to contribute to helping shatter the glass ceiling for women in the United States.

• Gender Discrimination

  • Wage discrimination, the "glass ceiling" (in which gender is perceived to be a barrier to professional advancement), and sexual harassment in the workplace are all examples of occupational sexism.

• Understanding and Finding the Deadweight Loss

  • If a glass of wine is $3 and a glass of beer is $3, some consumers might prefer to drink wine.
  • If the government decides to place a tax on wine at $3 per glass, consumers might choose to drink the beer instead of the wine.
  • This graph shows the deadweight loss that is the result of a binding price ceiling.
  • Policy makers will place a binding price ceiling when they believe that the benefit from the transfer of surplus outweighs the adverse impact of the deadweight loss.

• Italian Architecture 1200-1400

  • The stained glass windows which seemed to replace walls altogether are the hallmark of French Gothic architecture.
  • Other characteristics of the Gothic style include the increased use of flying buttresses to support walls, and a shift towards more slender and ornate columns, and vaulted ceilings.
  • The great Gothic buildings in cities such as Florence lack the stained glass which characterizes French Gothic structures and as a whole they lack the emphasized verticality of French Gothic Cathedrals.
  • As the exterior view of the Cathedral demonstrates, Italian Gothic structures did not incorporate the stained glass windows which had become so essential to French Gothic structures.  

• Price Ceilings

  • A price ceiling is a price control that limits how high a price can be charged for a good or service.
  • Generally ceilings are set by governments, although groups that manage exchanges can set ceilings as well.
  • The purpose of a price ceiling is to protect consumers of a certain good or service.
  • An example of a price ceiling is rent control.
  • By definition, however, price ceilings disrupt the market.

• Mosaics in the Early Byzantine Empire

  • The Mosaic technique involved fitting together small pieces of stone and glass (tesserae).
  • Mosaic decoration, however, has the added benefit that stone and glass reflect the light in a way that paint cannot.
  • Moreover, the Byzantines often placed gold backing behind the clear glass tesserae such that the mosaics would appear to emit a mysterious light of their own.

• Glass

  • Such techniques include stained glass windows, leaded lights, cast glass, sandblasted glass, and glassblowing to name a few.
  • In the case of stained glass windows, the window is designed and after the glass has been cut to shape, paint is applied that contains ground glass, so that when it is fired in a kiln, the paint fuses onto the glass surface.
  • Slumped glass and fused glass are similar to cast glass, but they are not heated to as high of a temperature.
  • The ancient technique of blown glass is one of the more popular ways to work with glass.
  • Colored glass can be gathered out of a crucible, while clear glass can be rolled in powdered colored glass to coat the outside of a bubble, rolled in chips of glass, or stretched into rods and incorporated through caneworking.

• Price Ceiling Impact on Market Outcome

  • A binding price ceiling will create a surplus of supply and will lead to a decrease in economic surplus.
  • A price ceiling will only impact the market if the ceiling is set below the free-market equilibrium price.
  • This is because a price ceiling above the equilibrium price will lead to the product being sold at the equilibrium price.If the ceiling is less than the economic price, the immediate result will be a supply shortage.
  • A price ceiling will also lead to a more inefficient market and a decreased total economic surplus.
  • Prolonged shortages caused by price ceilings can create black markets for that good.