Gaul

Examples of Gaul in the following topics:

• Pergamon

  • The altar was commissioned in the first half of the second century BCE during the reign of King Eumenes II to commemorate his victory over the Gauls, who were migrating into Asia Minor.
  • A group of statues depicting dying Gauls, the defeated enemies of the Attalids, were situated inside the Altar of Zeus.
  • One Gaul is depicted lying down, supporting himself over his shield and a discarded trumpet.
  • Also known as the Ludovisi Gaul, this sculpture group displays another heroic and noble deed of the foes, for typically women and children of the defeated would be murdered to avoid them from being captured and sold as slaves by the victors.
  • Illustrate the dramatic and theatrical nature of the Pergamon, as seen in the Altar of Zeus, the Gigantomacy, and the Dying Gauls.

• Charles Martel and Pepin the Short

  • Continuing and building on his father's work, he restored centralized government in Francia and began the series of military campaigns that re-established the Franks as the undisputed masters of all Gaul.
  • After working to establish a unity in Gaul, Charles's attention was called to foreign conflicts; dealing with the Islamic advance into Western Europe was a foremost concern.
  • Arab and Berber Islamic forces had conquered Spain (711), crossed the Pyrenees (720), seized a major dependency of the Visigoths (721–725), and after intermittent challenges, under Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, Governor-General of al-Andalus, advanced toward Gaul and on Tours, "the holy town of Gaul."

• Crises of the Roman Empire

  • By 268, the Empire had split into three competing states: the Gallic Empire, including the Roman provinces of Gaul, Britannia and (briefly) Hispania; the Palmyrene Empire, including the eastern provinces of Syria Palaestina and Aegyptus; and the Italian-centered and independent Roman Empire, proper, between them.
  • The Roman provinces of Gaul, Britain and Hispania broke off to form the Gallic Empire.

• Etruscan Bronze Sculpture

  • Cista with a battle between Etruscans and Gauls.

• The Eastern Roman Empire, Constantine the Great, and Byzantium

  • Usually, there was an emperor of the Western Roman Empire ruling from Italy or Gaul and an emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire ruling from Constantinople.
  • While the Western Empire was overrun by Germanic barbarians—its lands in Italy were conquered by the Ostrogoths, Spain was conquered by the Visigoths, North Africa was conquered by the Vandals, and Gaul was conquered by the Franks—the Eastern Empire thrived.

• The Germanic Tribes

  • These tribes generally lived to the north and east of the Gauls.
  • Ostrogoths, Visigoths, and Lombards made their way into Italy; Vandals, Burgundians, Franks, and Visigoths conquered much of Gaul; Vandals and Visigoths also pushed into Spain, with the Vandals additionally making it into North Africa; and the Alamanni established a strong presence in the middle Rhine and Alps.

• Military Achievements of the Flavians

  • Nevertheless, several important wars were fought in Gaul, against the Chatti, and across the Danube frontier against the Suebi, the Sarmatians, and the Dacians.

• Founding of the Roman Empire

  • As public opinion against him mounted, Antony fled to Cisalpine Gaul at the end of his consular year.

• The Rise of Christianity

  • The persecution varied in intensity across the empire—weakest in Gaul and Britain, where only the first edict was applied, and strongest in the Eastern provinces.

• Ancient Carthage

  • Carthage obtained amber from Scandinavia, and from the Celtiberians, Gauls, and Celts they got amber, tin, silver, and furs.