frame of reference

Examples of frame of reference in the following topics:

• Reference Frames and Displacement

  • This is referred to as choosing a coordinate system, or choosing a frame of reference.
  • In this classic film, Professors Hume and Ivey cleverly illustrate reference frames and distinguish between fixed and moving frames of reference.
  • Displacement is the change in position of an object relative to its reference frame.
  • shows the importance of using a frame of reference when describing the displacement of a passenger on an airplane.
  • Frames of Reference is a 1960 educational film by Physical Sciences Study Committee.

• The Coriolois Force

  • The Coriolis effect is a deflection of moving objects when they are viewed in a rotating reference frame.
  • The Coriolis effect is a deflection of moving objects when they are viewed in a rotating reference frame.
  • Newton's laws of motion govern the motion of an object in a (non-accelerating) inertial frame of reference.
  • When Newton's laws are transformed to a uniformly rotating frame of reference, the Coriolis and centrifugal forces appear.
  • In the inertial frame of reference (upper part of the picture), the black object moves in a straight line.

• Relative Velocity

  • The concept of relative velocity has to do with your frame of reference.
  • When you were on the train, your frame of reference was moving in the same direction that the man was walking, so it appeared that he was walking slower.
  • But once you were off the train, you were in a stationary frame of reference, so you were able to observe him moving at his actual speed.
  • When you were on the boat, you were in a moving frame of reference, but so was the object you were observing, so you were able to observe the man walking at his actual velocity.
  • Once you were back on land, you were in a stationary frame of reference, but the man was not, so the velocity you saw was his relative velocity.

• Einstein's Postulates

  • In the late 19th century, the Newtonian mechanics was considered to be valid in all inertial frames of reference, which are moving at a constant relative velocity with respect to each other.
  • In his "Special Theory of Relativity," Einstein resolved the puzzle and broadened the scope of the invariance to extend the validity of all physical laws, including electromagnetic theory, to all inertial frames of reference.
  • The Principle of Relativity: The laws of physics are the same and can be stated in their simplest form in all inertial frames of reference.
  • This postulate relates to reference frames.
  • The laws of electricity and magnetism predict that light travels at c = 2.998×108 m/s in a vacuum, but they do not specify the frame of reference in which light has this speed.

• Simultaneity

  • The relativity of simultaneity is the concept that simultaneity is not absolute, but depends on the observer's reference frame.
  • The relativity of simultaneity is the concept that simultaneity–whether two events occur at the same time–is not absolute, but depends on the observer's frame of reference.
  • "event A causes event B" in all frames of reference).
  • Reference frame of an observer standing on the platform (length contraction not depicted).
  • The train-and-platform experiment from the reference frame of an observer onboard the train.

• Steel-Frame Construction

  • Steel frame construction is a building technique in which vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams form a 'skeleton frame'.
  • Steel frame usually refers to a building technique with a 'skeleton frame' of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams, constructed in a rectangular grid to support the floors, roof, and walls of a building which are all attached to the frame.
  • Wide sheets of steel deck can be used to cover the top of the steel frame as a 'form' or corrugated mold, below a thick layer of concrete and steel reinforcing bars.
  • The exterior 'skin' of the building is anchored to the frame using a variety of construction techniques and following a huge variety of architectural styles.
  • Thin sheets of galvanized steel can be formed into steel studs and used as building material for rough-framing in commercial or residential construction.

• Understanding Concepts

  • Framing is the process of selective influence over an individual's perception of the meanings attributed to words or phrases.
  • Frames are generally considered in one of two ways: as frames in thought, consisting of the mental representations, interpretations, and simplifications of reality; and as frames in communication, consisting of the communication of frames between different actors.
  • When one seeks to explain an event, the understanding will often depends on the frame referred to.
  • People only become aware of the frames they use when something forces them to replace one frame with another, or the frame is explicitly called to attention.
  • Framing can refer to the social construction of a social phenomenon often by mass media sources, political or social movements, political leaders, or other actors and organizations.

• Sources of Social Change

  • Culture theory brings this notion of injustice to the forefront of movement creation, arguing that in order for social movements to successfully mobilize individuals, they must develop an injustice frame.
  • An injustice frame is a collection of ideas and symbols that illustrates how significant the problem is and what the movement can do to alleviate it.
  • Diagnostic frame: the movement organization frames the problem—what they are critiquing
  • Prognostic frame: the movement organization frames the desirable solution to the problem
  • Diagnostic framing of the problem involves an understanding what the problem actually is - what specifically needs to be solved.

• Gallilean-Newtonian Relativity

  • The fact that the Earth orbits around the sun at approximately 30 km/s offers a somewhat more dramatic example, though it is technically not an inertial reference frame.
  • Specifically, the term Galilean invariance today usually refers to this principle as applied to Newtonian mechanics—that is, Newton's laws hold in all inertial frames.
  • An inertial frame is a reference frame in relative uniform motion to absolute space.
  • This transformation of variables between two inertial frames is called Galilean transformation .
  • Assuming that mass is invariant in all inertial frames, the above equation shows that Newton's laws of mechanics, if valid in one frame, must hold for all frames.

• Battling the illusion of control

  • Because of the enormous breadth and depth of sustainability – and because too many people believe (or want to believe) that the issues comprising sustainability are distant both in time and place – the astute manager has his or her work cut out trying to implement sustainable practices in the workplace.
  • Over the past few years it has become fashionable to describe the kind of focused, collaboration-induced communication needed to break through these barriers as having the proper frame, explains Jon Gertner, author of the article ‘Why Isn't the Brain Green?
  • A frame is a method used to get people to behave or think a certain way by using sophisticated messages that resonate or take advantage of cognitive biases (such as placing a message in a financial context rather than an environmental context).
  • For example, if a business has been told that it can save €2,000,000 in costs by reducing wasted electricity (the frame), a nudge that can encourage employees to reduce those costs could take the form of an electricity monitor displayed so that every employee can see how much electricity is being used or wasted in real time.
  • So, placed in a management context, a ‘frame' is the ability to communicate a message to others in a way that they understand and a ‘nudge' refers to the feedback and measurement that enables the targeted group to see if their actions are achieving desired results.