Examples of ethnographic research in the following topics:
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- Ethnography is a research process that uses fieldwork and observation to learn about a particular community or culture.
- Key informants are usually well-connected people who can help an ethnographer gain access to and better understand a community.
- Ethnographic work requires intensive and often immersive long-term participation in the community that is the subject of research, typically involving physical relocation (hence the term fieldwork).
- One of the most common methods for collecting data in an ethnographic study is first-hand engagement, known as participant observation .
- One of the most common methods for collecting data in an ethnographic study is first-hand engagement, known as participant observation.
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- Many empirical forms of sociological research follow the scientific method .
- The choice of method often depends largely on what the researcher intends to investigate.
- By contrast, a researcher who seeks full contextual understanding of the social actions of individuals may choose ethnographic participant observation or open-ended interviews.
- While quantitative research requires at least 30 subjects to be considered statistically significant, qualitative research generally takes a more in-depth approach to fewer subjects.
- Sampling can be used in both quantitative and qualitative research.
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- While there are some exceptions, scholars agree that the majority of ethnographically recorded rock art was produced during or as a ritual of some form.
- Many researchers have noticed the notable resemblance of different styles of petroglyphs across different continents, a fact which has seen little agreement or explanation among scholars and archaeologists.
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- There are two parallel paths involved in the NPD process: idea generation, including product design and detail engineering; and market research and marketing analysis.
- Ideas for new products can be obtained from basic research using SWOT analysis: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities & Threats.
- This element focuses on aligning ideas to target customer groups, and can include market studies and/or technical trials and research.
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- Ethnography and participant-observation are research methods that are examples of ethnomethodology.
- Ethnomethodology is an ethnographic approach to sociological inquiry introduced by the American sociologist Harold Garfinkel.
- Garfinkel coined the term "ethnomethodology" in 1954 while preparing a paper that included his early research on juries.
- Sacks' Gloss: Sacks' Gloss suggests that a researcher interested in questions pertaining to a specific social order should seek out the members that social order for answers.
- Structural functionalist research programs methodically impose pre-existing analytical schemata on their fields of study.
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- Some of these studies and observations have been informal, while others have included empirical research and data.
- Leadership research continues as scholars observe, identify, and promote the emergence of new leadership styles and behaviors in the 21st century.
- These approaches include quantitative methods such as surveys, questionnaires, and diagnostic tests, as well as qualitative observational and ethnographic studies.
- As a leading center of social science research, the University of Michigan has produced some of the most important studies of leadership.
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- Therefore, culture is a necessary framework for researchers to understand variations in perceptions and emotions.
- Several ethnographic studies suggest there are cultural differences in social consequences, particularly when it comes to evaluating our emotions and behaviors and those of others .
- For example, research suggests that in Western cultures, the dominant social script is to maximize positive emotions and minimize negative emotions.
- For example, ethnographic accounts suggest that American mothers think that it is important to focus on their children's successes while Chinese mothers think it is more important to provide discipline for their children.
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- Anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski, in his ethnographic study of sexual behavior on the Trobriand Islands noted that the Trobrianders did not believe pregnancy to be the result of sexual intercourse between the man and the woman and they denied that there was any physiological relationship between father and child.
- One of the founders of anthropological relationship research was Lewis Henry Morgan, who wrote Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family (1871).
- Malinowski, in his ethnographic study of sexual behavior on the Trobriand Islands, noted that the Trobrianders did not believe pregnancy to be the result of sexual intercourse between the man and the woman, and they denied that there was any physiological relationship between father and child.
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- " While the development of ultra-high-speed photographic film was a research breakthrough, whether consumers perceive this as a benefit can only be answered by them.
- Some of these questions can be answered only through product research, but consumer research provides more answers.
- Specifically, the VOC is a market research technique that produces a detailed set of customer wants and needs, organized into a hierarchical structure, and then prioritized in terms of relative importance and satisfaction with current alternatives.
- VOC studies typically consist of both qualitative and quantitative research steps.
- Much has been written about this process, and there are many possible ways to gather the information – focus groups, individual interviews, contextual inquiry, ethnographic techniques, and so on.
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- In recent years, new research has suggested that the Lascaux paintings may incorporate prehistoric star charts.
- An alternative theory, broadly based on ethnographic studies of contemporary hunter-gatherer societies, is that the paintings pertained to shamanism.