equal opportunity

Examples of equal opportunity in the following topics:

• Equality

  • Since social equality includes equal opportunities and obligations, it involves the whole of society.
  • The concepts of equality of opportunity vs. outcome have been the center of much contentious debate within American politics.
  • The concept of equal opportunity has moved beyond employment practices and is now applied to broader areas such as housing, college admissions, and voting rights.
  • In the classical sense, equality of opportunity is closely aligned with the concepts of equality under the law and meritocracy.
  • Compare and contrast equality of opportunity with the outcome of opportunities

• Affirmative Action

  • In the United States, affirmative action refers to equal opportunity employment measures that Federal contractors and subcontractors are legally required to adopt.
  • If there are problems, the contractor will specify in its AAP the specific procedures it will follow and the good faith efforts it will make to provide equal employment opportunity.
  • Expanded efforts in outreach, recruitment, training and other areas are some of the affirmative steps contractors can take to help members of the protected groups compete for jobs on equal footing with other applicants and employees.
  • The investigator also checks to see whether the contractor is making special efforts to achieve equal opportunity through affirmative action.
  • If problems are discovered, OFCCP will recommend corrective action and suggest ways to achieve equal employment opportunity.

• Trends in Organizational Diversity

  • Analyzing trends in equality and value in diversity is useful for managers seeking to incorporate both.
  • The early stages of pursuing equality in the workplace arose in the 1960s, most notably with the concept of affirmative action.
  • As a result of this criticism, the equal-opportunity movement evolved towards a model based more on social justice.
  • Wage equality shows distinct improvement as a result of equal-opportunity ethics, a trend that supporters of equality hope continues toward equilibrium.
  • Analyze the social and legislative trends that define the trajectory towards higher levels of diversity and equality in the workplace

• Social Exclusion

  • Social exclusion occurs when individuals and communities are blocked from rights and opportunities that are available to others.
  • Many employers in the United States, including the government, claim to be "equal opportunity employers," meaning that they will not systematically exclude groups of people from working for them on the basis of traits such as race, gender, or sexual orientation.
  • It refers to processes through which individuals and entire communities of people are systematically blocked from rights, opportunities, and resources that are normally available to members of society and that are key to social integration.
  • For instance, if lack of access to public transport or a vehicle prevents a person from getting to a job, training course, job center, school, or entertainment venue they may be shut out from opportunities.
  • The problem of social exclusion is usually tied to that of equal opportunity, as some people are more subject to exclusion than others.

• Evaluating Global Theories of Inequality

  • Occupy Wall Street protesters approach inequality from a social justice perspective that holds that all Americans deserve equal life chances and have been denied them by market-oriented approaches to economic regulation (or lack thereof).
  • These thinkers are likely to support state-oriented approaches to regulating inequality, with governments instating policies to equally distribute opportunities and resources.
  • The idea that all members of a society should be equal is often associated with modern liberalism.
  • In modern liberal societies, individuals tend to value human rights according to the idea that all people are born with equal value.
  • The logic of human rights does not necessarily imply that all people should achieve equal status, but it does assume that all should have equal opportunities to advance, or Weberian life chances.

• Cost

  • The relevant concept of cost is "opportunity cost."
  • Worker earns a wage based on their opportunity cost.
  • An employer must pay a worker a wage that is equal to or greater than an alternative employer would pay (opportunity cost) or the worker would have an incentive to change jobs.
  • The opportunity cost for any use of land is its next highest valued use as well.
  • It is also crucial to note that the entrepreneur also has an opportunity cost.

• Production Outputs

  • Opportunity costs are the cost of an opportunity forgone (and the loss of the benefits that could be received from that opportunity); the cost equals the most valuable forgone alternative.
  • Average total cost is the all expenses incurred to produce the product, including fixed costs and opportunity costs, divided by the number of the units of the good produced.
  • Normal Profit: The average total cost equals the price at the profit-maximizing output.
  • In this case, the economic profit equals zero.
  • A firm will seek to produce such that its marginal cost (MC) is equal to marginal revenue (MR, which is equal to the price and demand).

• Introducing the Budget Constraint

  • You have a wide variety of options, but some will provide you with higher opportunity costs than others.
  • The opportunity cost of the former is the high quality foods which have the convenience factor of already being prepared for you while the opportunity cost of the latter is having enough food to feed yourself for the entire month.
  • An opportunity cost is defined as the foregone value of the next best alternative in a given action.
  • Indifference curves are designed to represent an equal perception of overall value in a given basket of goods relative to a specific consumer.
  • That is to say that each point along the curve is considered by the consumer of equivalent value despite alterations in the quantity of each good, as these trade-offs are consider of equal value and thus indifferent.

• Political Opportunity Theory

  • Describe how and why political opportunities are important to social movements according to political opportunity theory.

• Economic Costs

  • So, the economic cost of college is the accounting cost plus the opportunity cost.
  • Economic cost includes opportunity cost when analyzing economic decisions.
  • So, the economic cost of college is the accounting cost plus the opportunity cost.
  • Economic cost takes into account costs attributed to the alternative chosen and costs specific to the forgone opportunity.
  • Total cost (TC): total cost equals total fixed cost plus total variable costs (TC = TFC + TVC) .