East India Company

Examples of East India Company in the following topics:

• The East India Trading Company

• The Calm Before the Storm

  • The Tea Act of 1773 arose from the financial problems of the British East India Company and the dispute of Parliament's authority over the colonies.
  • In England, Parliament gave the East India Company a monopoly on the importation of tea in 1698.
  • The East India Company did not export tea to the colonies; by law, the company was required to sell its tea wholesale at auctions in England.
  • Until 1767, the East India Company paid a tax of about 25% on tea that it imported into Great Britain.
  • Another possible solution for reducing the growing mound of tea in the East India Company warehouses was to sell it cheaply in Europe.

• British Taxes and Colonial Grievances

  • In 1773, Parliament passed the Tea Act, which exempted the British East India Company from the Townshend taxes.
  • Thus, the East India Company gained a great advantage over other companies when selling tea in the colonies.
  • The colonists who resented the advantages given to British companies dumped British tea overboard in the Boston Tea Party in December of 1773 .

• The Dutch Empire

  • In 1602, the government of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands chartered the Dutch East India Company with the mission of exploring for a passage to the Indies and claiming any uncharted areas for the United Provinces.
  • In 1609, the Dutch East India Company commissioned English explorer Henry Hudson who, in an attempt to find the fabled northwest passage to the Indies, discovered and claimed for the VOC parts of the present-day United States and Canada.
  • In 1621, a new company was established with a trading monopoly in the Americas and West Africa: the Dutch West India Company.
  • The new company sought recognition for New Netherland as a province, which was granted in 1623.
  • In 1626, the Director of the Dutch West India Company, Peter Minuit, purchased the island of Manhattan from the Lenape and started the construction of Fort Amsterdam, which grew to become the main port and capital, New Amsterdam .

• Indian Painting under British Imperialism

  • Under British Imperialism, painting in India took on many western characteristics throughout the 18th and 19th centuries.
  • The Company style of paintings became common, created by Indian artists working for European patrons of the East India Company.
  • The merchants of the East India Company provided a large market for native art in the 18th century, and a distinct genre of watercolor painting developed that depicted scenes of everyday life, regalia of princely courts, and Indian festivities and rituals.
  • Referred to as the Company style or Patna style, this style of painting flourished at first in Murshidabad and spread to other cities of British India.
  • The best known painting by Tagore is Bharat Mata ("Mother India"), depicting a young woman with four arms in the manner of Hindu deities, holding objects symbolic of India's national aspirations.

• Indian Architecture under British Imperialism

  • The establishment of the British Empire in the 18th century laid the foundation for modern India's contact with the West.
  • The Company style of paintings, for example, became common, created by Indian artists working for European patrons of the East India Company.
  • By 1858, the British government took over the task of administration of India under the British Raj.
  • The building is circular in form and is sided by two rectangular sections; the entrance is lined with 12 colonnades and two British lions, with the motto of East India Company engraved on them.
  • Andrew's Church in present day Chennai is an example of British colonial architecture in India.

• Comparing Common Stock, Preferred Stock, and Debt

  • Common stock, preferred stock, and debt are all securities that a company may offer; each of these securities carries different rights.
  • However, common stock shareholders can theoretically use their votes to affect company decision making and direction in a way they believe will help the company avoid liquidation in the first place.
  • Debt can be "purchased" from a company in the form of a bond.
  • Bonds and stocks are both securities, but the major difference between the two is that (capital) stockholders have an equity stake in the company (i.e., they are owners), whereas, bondholders have a creditor stake in the company (i.e., they are lenders).
  • A bond is a financial security that represents a promise by a company or government to repay a certain amount, with interest, to the bondholder.

• Hindu Rajput Kingdoms

  • The Rajputs were patrilineal clans, ruling a majority of Hindu princely states in northern India between the 6th and 20th centuries.
  • From the beginning of the 9th century, these Rajput dynasties dominated many parts of northern India.
  • The Rajputs of Mewar were defeated by the Mughal emperor Babur in 1527 CE when he was in the process of establishing Mughal rule in India.
  • At the end of the Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818) between the Maratha Confederacy and the English East India Company, all the Rajput states in Rajasthan entered into a subsidiary alliance with the Company and became princely states under the British Raj.
  • Through their many centuries of rule in northern India, the Rajputs built spectacular forts and palaces .

• Mughal Empire

  • Ousted from his lands in Central Asia, he turned his attention to the fertile lands of the Delhi Sultanate in northern India.
  • From his base in Kabul, which he conquered in 1504, he gradually captured more territory farther east.
  • He also opened relations with the British East India Company.
  • He was a notable expansionist, and the Mughal Empire reached its greatest territorial extent under Aurangzeb and included almost all of present-day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and most of Afghanistan.
  • The Urdu language is another contribution, which continues to be the national language of Pakistan and a co-official language in India.

• The Indus River Valley Civilization

  • The area of this civilization extended along the Indus River from what today is northeast Afghanistan, into Pakistan and northwest India.
  • The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the three “Ancient East” societies that are considered to be the cradles of civilization of the old world of man, and are among the most widespread; the other two "Ancient East" societies are Mesopotamia and Pharonic Egypt.
  • In 1856, British engineers John and William Brunton were laying the East Indian Railway Company line connecting the cities of Karachi and Lahore, when their crew discovered hard, well-burnt bricks in the area and used them for ballast for the railroad track, unwittingly dismantling the ruins of the ancient city of Brahminabad.
  • By 1931, much of Mohenjo-Daro had been excavated, while the next director of the Archaeological Survey of India, Sir Mortimer Wheeler, led additional excavations.
  • The Partition of India, in 1947, divided the country to create the new nation of Pakistan.