Examples of disorder in the following topics:
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- Cluster A disorders include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder.
- Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) is a mental disorder characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspicion and general mistrust of others.
- These symptoms must not be attributable to an autism spectrum disorder or to schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder.
- Socialization groups may also help some people with schizoid personality disorder.
- These symptoms must not be attributable to an autism spectrum disorder or to schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder.
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- These disorders are distinct from hypochondriasis and other somatic symptom and related disorders in that those with the latter do not intentionally produce their somatic symptoms (i.e., symptoms related to the body).
- Münchausen syndrome, a severe form of factitious disorder, was the first to be identified and was for a period used as the umbrella term for all such disorders.
- Factitious disorders should be distinguished from somatoform disorders, in which the patient is truly experiencing the symptoms and has no intention to deceive.
- In addition, the symptoms must not be attributed to another mental disorder (such as a psychotic disorder).
- If an underlying mood or personality disorder is detected, that disorder should be treated with the appropriate psychotherapy and/or medication.
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- Cluster C disorders include avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (which is not the same thing as obsessive-compulsive disorder).
- People with these disorders often appear to be nervous and fearful.
- There is controversy as to whether avoidant personality disorder is a distinct disorder from generalized social phobia, and it is contended by some that they are merely different conceptualizations of the same disorder, where avoidant personality disorder may represent the more severe form.
- Children and adolescents with a history of anxiety disorders and physical illnesses are more susceptible to acquiring this disorder.
- The disorder may begin in childhood or early adulthood.
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- Bipolar disorders are debilitating mood disorders characterized by periods of mania/hypomania and periods of depression.
- Bipolar disorder (commonly referred to as manic-depression) is a mood disorder characterized by periods of elevated mood and periods of depression.
- Other mental health issues such as anxiety disorders and substance use disorders are commonly associated.
- While all of us feel highs and lows and may even experience euphoria and depression, bipolar disorder is a much more severe, debilitating clinical disorder.
- The symptoms of DMDD resemble those of other childhood disorders, notably attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and bipolar disorder in children.
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- Anxiety disorders, however, are dysfunctional responses to anxiety-inducing situations.
- The difference between normal anxiety and an anxiety disorder is that anxiety disorders cause such severe distress as to interfere with someone's ability to lead a normal life.
- "Anxiety disorder" refers to any of a number of specific disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, phobia, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
- Anxiety disorders develop as the result of the interaction of genetic (inherited) and environmental factors.
- Treatment options for anxiety disorders include lifestyle changes, therapy, and medication.
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- The patterns found in personality disorders develop early and are inflexible.
- To be fully diagnosed, an individual must meet both the DSM-5's general diagnostic criteria for a personality disorder (provided above) as well as the criteria for a specific disorder.
- Personality disorders are often researched within these clusters, since the disorders in a cluster exhibit many common disturbances.
- Dependent personality disorder: A pervasive psychological need to be cared for by other people.
- Differentiate among mood disorders and the three clusters of personality disorders identified in the DSM-5
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- Mood disorders are psychological disorders characterized by dysfunctional moods, including depression, bipolar, dysthymia, and cyclothymia.
- Mood disorders (also called affective disorders) characterize a group of psychological disorders where disturbance in the person's mood is thought to be the main underlying feature.
- When most people think of mood disorders, they typically think of depression (also called major depressive disorder and clinical depression) and bipolar disorder.
- However, there are two milder versions of these mood disorders, respectively termed dysthymic disorder (or dysthymia) and cyclothymic disorder (or cyclothymia).
- Major depressive disorder medications usually include antidepressants such as SSRIs, while bipolar disorder medications can consist of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and/or lithium.
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- A somatic symptom disorder, formerly known as a somatoform disorder, is a category of mental disorder included in a number of diagnostic schemes of mental illness, including the recent DSM-5 section Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders.
- Somatic symptom disorder is difficult to diagnose and treat and requires psychiatrists to work with neurologists with this disorder.
- With the 2013 release of the DSM-5, the diagnoses of somatization disorder, hypochondriasis, pain disorder, and undifferentiated somatoform disorder were removed.
- The person's physical symptoms are not fully explained by a general medical condition, substance use, or a different mental disorder (e.g., panic disorder).
- Somatic symptom disorder is a controversial diagnosis.