Examples of Discipline and Punish in the following topics:
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- Youth may be directly controlled through constraints imposed by parents, through limits on the opportunity for delinquency, or through parental rewards and punishments.
- This is the question taken up by social theorist Michel Foucault in his 1975 seminal text, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison.
- Foucault argues that the eighteenth century introduced a new form of power: discipline.
- Discipline, however, is a power relation in which the subject is complicit.
- In his 1975 seminal text, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, Michel Foucault identifies a new form of power introduced in the eighteenth century: discipline.
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- Punishment is a term used in the context of behavioral analysis and in a specific kind of intentional behavior change known as operant conditioning.
- In punishment, the rate of the target behavior is decreased by imposing a negative consequence (i.e., "positive punishment") or by removing a pleasant or desired stimulus (i.e., "negative punishment") immediately or shortly after each occurrence of the behavior.
- In a management context, punishment tools can include demotions, salary cuts, and terminations (fires).
- In business organizations, punishment and deterrence theory play a vital role in shaping culture to be in line with operational expectations and in avoiding conflicts and negative outcomes both internally and externally.
- Prevention is a much cheaper and easier approach than waiting for something bad to happen, so preemptive education regarding rules and penalties for rule violation is common practice.
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- Capital punishment is a legal process whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
- Capital punishment is a legal process whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
- Execution of criminals and political opponents has been used by nearly all societies–both to punish crime and to suppress political dissent.
- In China, human trafficking and serious cases of corruption are punished by the death penalty.
- Abolitionists believe capital punishment is the worst violation of human rights, because the right to life is the most important, and judicial execution violates it without necessity and inflicts to the condemned to a psychological torture.
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- The Eight Amendment determines the provisions for cruel and unusual punishment.
- The Court overturned a punishment called cadena temporal, which mandated "hard and painful labor," shackling for the duration of incarceration, and permanent civil disabilities.
- Supreme Court has ruled that this amendment's Cruel and Unusual Punishment clause applies to states.
- It is up to individual states to decide if death can be considered "cruel and unusual" punishment.
- As of 2016, 31 states (and the federal government) had death as an acceptable form of punishment.
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- If rules are not followed, punishment is most often used to ensure obedience.
- There is usually no explanation for punishment except that the child is in trouble and should listen accordingly.
- Authoritative parenting relies on positive reinforcement and infrequent use of punishment.
- There tends to be little if any punishment or rules in this style of parenting and children are said to be free from external constraints.
- Strict Parenting: focused on strict discipline; demanding, with high expectations from the parents
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- Structural functionalism has its roots in the very origins of sociological thought and the development of sociology as a discipline.
- A structural functionalist approach emphasizes social solidarity, divided into organic and mechanical typologies, and stability in social structures.
- First, systems of recognizing and punishing deviance create norms and tell members of a given society how to behave by laying out patterns of acceptable and unacceptable behavior.
- Some traits will be stigmatized and can potentially cause social disruption.
- Durkheim formally established the academic discipline and, with Karl Marx and Max Weber, is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science and father of sociology.
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- The Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution is the part of the United States Bill of Rights prohibiting the federal government from imposing excessive bail, excessive fines or cruel and unusual punishments.
- Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
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- As slavery became more entrenched and slaves both more numerous and valuable, punishments for infractions increased.Â
- Whippings, executions, and rapes were commonplace, and slaves were usually denied educational opportunities, such as learning how
to read or write.
- Ensure that the
slave is uneducated, helpless, and dependent by depriving them of access to
education and recreation.
- In Virginia in
1841, the punishment for breaking such a law was 20 lashes with a whip to the
slave and a fine of $100 to the teacher.
- In North Carolina in 1841, punishment
consisted of 39 lashes to the slave and a fine of $250 to the teacher.
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- Crimes were punished harshly during the Middle Ages with torture and executions common place for even the smallest of offenses.
- During medieval times, there were extremely harsh punishments for all crimes.
- Juries also decided on the punishment for anyone found guilty.
- Torture was also used during this time period as a means of reform, spectacle, to induce fear into the public, and most popularly as a punishment for treason.
- Describe the ways in which crimes were punished in the Middle Ages
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- Think of it as a simple cause and effect graph.
- These four inputs are positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment.
- Positive punishment: Conditioning at it's simplest, punishment is simply identifying a negative behavior and providing an adverse stimuli to dissuade future instances.
- Negative punishment: Similar to negative reinforcement, negative punishment revolves around removing something to condition a response.
- This chart demonstrates the various facets of operant conditioning, which can be framed via reinforcement and punishment (both positive and negative for each).