Examples of Counter-culture in the following topics:
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- Through combining decision-making models with cultural deviations, meaningful correlations can be identified and considered.
- As a result, the decision-making process is inherently differentiated across cultural groups, and these cross-cultural deviations are critical to understanding negotiations, conflicts, influences and motivations.
- In this model the assumption is that cultural inclinations are omnipresent, and will emerge in all contexts.
- The antithesis is essentially 'counter-culture' culture, which dictates the opposite decision-making influence.
- Tolerance for Ambiguity - A high tolerance for ambiguity or risk taking is 'counter-culture' culture, which dictates a high level of tolerance for going against the grain.
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- Counterculture is a term describing the values and norms of a cultural group that run counter to those of the social mainstream of the day.
- Counterculture is a sociological term used to describe the values and norms of behavior of a cultural group, or subculture, that run counter to those of the social mainstream of the day, the cultural equivalent of political opposition.
- Counterculture youth rejected the cultural standards of their parents, especially with respect to racial segregation and initial widespread support for the Vietnam War.
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- The 1960s was a decade of hope, change, dissatisfaction, and war that witnessed many important shifts in American culture.
- The 1960s was a decade of hope, change, and war that witnessed an important shift in American culture.
- The emergence of the Chicano Movement signaled Mexican Americans’ determination to seize their political power, celebrate their cultural heritage, and demand their citizenship rights.
- By the 1960s, a generation of white Americans raised in prosperity and steeped in the culture of conformity of the 1950s had come of age.
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- Understanding the four phases of culture shock, alongside common symptoms, prepares foreigners and hosts to best counter negative reactions.
- In assessing culture shock, the central components are the four phases individuals cycle through as they adapt to a new culture, along with the corresponding symptoms that culture shock sufferers often encounter.
- Negotiation Phase - As the honeymoon phase winds down and the individual becomes fully immersed in the new culture, dissonance may begin to emerge between the new culture and the individual's native culture.
- With cultures that are significantly differentiated from their host culture, this can take well over a year to achieve.
- One interesting development in the study of culture shock is reverse culture shock, usually a result of an individual reaching the mastery phase above and than returning to their host culture.
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- It was also a time of increased contact with Greek culture, opening up new avenues of learning, especially in the fields of philosophy, poetry, classics, rhetoric, and political science, fostering a spirit of humanism–all of which would influence the Church.
- The Counter-Reformation, also called the Catholic Reformation or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War (1648).
- The Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of four major elements, ecclesiastical or structural reconfigurations, new religious orders (such as the Jesuits), spiritual movements, and political reform.
- One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.
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- Postcolonial discourse is an academic discipline that analyzes the cultural legacies of colonialism and of imperialism.
- As a genre of contemporary history, post-colonialism questions and reinvents the modes of cultural perception — the ways of viewing and of being viewed.
- Colonialism was presented as "the extension of Civilization", which justified the self-ascribed racial and cultural superiority of the European Western World over the non-Western world.
- Post-colonialism critically destabilizes the dominant ideologies of The West, by challenging the inherent assumptions and the cultural legacies of colonialism and working with tangible social factors such as:
- Native cultural-identity in a colonized society, and the dilemmas inherent to developing a post-colonial national identity after the de-colonization of the country, whilst avoiding the counter-productive extremes of nationalism.
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- The mild climate and abundant natural resources along the Pacific Coast of North America allowed a complex aboriginal culture to flourish.
- Although music
varied in function and expression among indigenous tribes, there were cultural similarities.
- Vocal rhythmic patterns were often complex
and ran counter to rigid percussion beats.
- Other cultural elements that became
established were the religious and social ceremonies of the Pacific Northwest
nations.
- Examine how natural resources shaped the cultures of the Pacific Coast
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- In addition to numerous renditions of scenes of historical and cultural significance, he painted scores of portraits of the Spanish royal family, other notable European figures, and commoners, culminating in the production of his masterpiece Las Meninas (1656).
- The religious element in Spanish art, in many circles, grew in importance with the Counter-Reformation.
- Philip IV actively patronized artists who agreed with his views on the Counter-Reformation and religion.
- Francis of Assisi, the immaculate conception, and the crucifixion of Christ reflected a third facet of Spanish culture in the 17th century, against the backdrop of religious war across Europe.
- The Birth of the Virgin, by Francisco de Zurbarán, demonstrates the religious themes, particular the devotion to the Virgin Mary, that pervaded Counter-Reformation Spanish artwork.
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- Neo-Freudian approaches to the study of personality both expanded on and countered Freud's original theories.
- Instead of taking a strictly biological approach to the development of personality (as Freud did in his focus on individual evolutionary drives), they focused more holistically on how the social environment and culture influence personality development.
- These ancestral memories, which Jung called archetypes, are represented by universal themes as expressed through various cultures' literature and art, as well as people's dreams.
- According to Horney, any jealousy is most likely due to the greater privileges that males are often given, meaning that the differences between men’s and women’s personalities are due to the dynamics of culture rather than biology.
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- They would explain the reduction in the poverty rate as caused by the economic growth of the 1950's and 60's, or as a short-term effect of policies, later counter-balanced by negative long-term effects of the policies.
- Sowell argues that the Great Society programs only contributed to the destruction of African-American families, saying "the black family, which had survived centuries of slavery and discrimination, began rapidly disintegrating in the liberal welfare state that subsidized unwed pregnancy and changed welfare from an emergency rescue to a way of life. " Others disagree with this theory, arguing that Sowell discounts the long-term, cumulative damge of generations of slavery, discrimination and poverty on black culture.
- Sociologists such as Douglass Massey argue that the living conditions associated with very-low income neighborhoods cause the cultural changes Sowell observes.
- Califano, Jr., has countered that "from 1963 when Lyndon Johnson took office until 1970 as the impact of his Great Society programs were felt, the portion of Americans living below the poverty line dropped from 22.2 percent to 12.6 percent, the most dramatic decline over such a brief period in this century. "