Conciliar movement

(noun)

A reform movement in the 14th-, 15th-, and 16th-century Catholic Church that held that supreme authority in the church resided with an Ecumenical council, apart from, or even against, the pope. The movement emerged in response to the Western Schism between rival popes in Rome and Avignon.

Related Terms

Examples of Conciliar movement in the following topics:

  • Discontent with the Roman Catholic Church

    • Following the breakdown of monastic institutions and scholasticism in late medieval Europe, accentuated by the Avignon Papacy, the Papal Schism, and the failure of the Conciliar movement, the 16th century saw a great cultural debate about religious reforms and later fundamental religious values.
    • These issues initiated wars between princes, uprisings among peasants, and widespread concern over corruption in the Church, which sparked many reform movement within the church.
    • The major individualistic reform movements that revolted against medieval scholasticism and the institutions that underpinned it were humanism, devotionalism, and the observantine tradition.
    • Humanism, however, was more of an educational reform movement with origins in the Renaissance's revival of classical learning and thought.
    • The Roman Catholic Church responded with a Counter-Reformation initiated by the Council of Trent and spearheaded by the new order of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), specifically organized to counter the Protestant movement.

  • The Church During the Italian Renaissance

    • While the schism was resolved by the Council of Constance (1414), a resulting reform movement known as Conciliarism sought to limit the power of the pope.
    • The Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of four major elements, ecclesiastical or structural reconfigurations, new religious orders (such as the Jesuits), spiritual movements, and political reform.
    • Such reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the Church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.

  • Examples of Social Movements

  • Social Movements

    • These movements do not have to be formally organized to be considered social movements.
    • Sociologists draw distinctions between social movements and social movement organizations (SMOs).
    • A social movement organization is a formally organized component of a social movement.
    • It is interesting to note that social movements can spawn counter movements.
    • Discover the difference between social movements and social movement organizations, as well as the four areas social movements operate within

  • Introduction

    • Social movements do not have to be formally organized.
    • A distinction is drawn between social movements and social movement organizations (SMOs).
    • A social movement organization is a formally organized component of a social movement.
    • It is also interesting to note that social movements can spawn counter movements.
    • For instance, the women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s resulted in a number of counter movements that attempted to block the goals of the women's movement, many of which were reform movements within conservative religions.

  • Stages in Social Movements

    • Blumer, Mauss, and Tilly, have described different stages social movements often pass through.
    • Movements emerge for a variety of reasons (see the theories below), coalesce, and generally bureaucratize.
    • Whether these paths will result in movement decline or not varies from movement to movement.
    • In fact, one of the difficulties in studying social movements is that movement success is often ill-defined because movement goals can change.
    • This makes the actual stages the movement has passed through difficult to discern.

  • Types of Social Movements

    • Aberle described four types of social movements based upon two fundamental questions: (1) who is the movement attempting to change?
    • The diagram below illustrates how a social movement may either be alternative, redemptive, reformative or revolutionary based on who the movement strives to change and how much change the movement desires to bring about .
    • Scope: A movement can be either reform or radical.
    • A reform movement might be a trade union seeking to increase workers' rights while the American Civil Rights movement was a radical movement.
    • Based on who a movement is trying to change and how much change a movement is advocating, Aberle identified four types of social movements: redemptive, reformative, revolutionary and alternative.

  • Movement

  • Constitutionalist Movement in Portugal

  • The Indian Independence Movement