Examples of cognitive map in the following topics:
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- Latent learning occurs without any obvious conditioning or reinforcement of a behavior, illustrating a cognitive component to learning.
- This means that learning can be completely cognitive and not instilled through behavioral modification alone.
- This cognitive emphasis on learning was important in the development of cognitive psychology.
- Tolman theorized that the rats in the third group had indeed been learning a "cognitive map" of the maze over the first ten days; however, they'd had no incentive to run the maze without any errors.
- While you had developed a cognitive map of the area through latent learning, you'd never demonstrated a behavior that indicated you had done so until you were required to.
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- Hippocampus: Required for the formation of long-term memories and implicated in maintenance of cognitive maps for navigation.
- Cingulate gyrus: Conducts autonomic functions regulating heart rate, blood pressure, and cognitive and attentional processing
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- Cognitive learning relies on cognitive processes such as reasoning and abstract thinking; it is much more efficient than conditioning.
- In the reverse scenario, conditioning cannot help someone learn about cognition.
- Classic work on cognitive learning was done by Wolfgang Köhler with chimpanzees.
- Tolman proved a decade later that the rats were making a representation of the maze in their minds, which he called a "cognitive map."
- Describe research models that indicate the presence of cognitive learning in animals
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- This principle holds that the structure of a language affects the ways in which its speakers conceptualize his or her world (worldview) or otherwise influences their cognitive processes.
- The strong version states that language determines thought and emotions/feelings, and linguistic categories limit and determine cognitive categories
- The strongest form of correlation is linguistic determinism, which holds that language entirely determines the range of possible cognitive processes of an individual.
- This position often sees the human mind as mostly a biological construction, so that all humans sharing the same neurological configuration can be expected to have similar or identical basic cognitive patterns.
- Cognition and Communication Research Centre film describing recent research on the mapping between language and perception, and whether the language one speaks affects how one thinks.
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- Decision making is inherently a cognitive activity, the result of thinking that may be either rational or irrational (i.e., based on assumptions not supported by evidence).
- By categorizing individuals in terms of four dichotomies—thinking and feeling, extroversion and introversion, judging and perception, and sensing and intuition—the MBTI provides a map of the individual's orientation toward decision making.
- The most common cognitive biases are confirmation, anchoring, halo effect, and overconfidence.
- Examine the complex individual influences central to the way in which decision making is pursued, most notably the cognitive, normative, and psychological perspectives
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- Dorsolateral
prefrontal cortex – Important
for executive functions, including working
memory, cognitive flexibility, and abstract reasoning.
- Various experiments
examining the motor cortex map showed that each point in motor cortex
influences a range of muscles and joints, indicating significant overlapping in
the map.
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- Review the four major stages of cognitive development: Piaget's Stages (http://epltt.coe.uga.edu/index.php?
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- By using customer research and perceptual mapping, a marketer can create a positioning statement using one of the three main bases.
- Positioning is facilitated by perceptual mapping to determine the ideal points of consumers.This helps to determine if positioning should be functional, symbolic, or experiential.
- By using customer research and perceptual mapping, a marketer can create a positioning statement using one of the three main bases.
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- Below are some of the most frequently used kinds of thematic maps.
- Dot maps use dots to show comparative densities of features over a base map.
- As do dot maps, graduated symbol maps use symbols that occur at points across a map.
- Choropleth maps are the most common and easily recognized of the thematic maps.
- Like graduated symbol maps, choropleth maps can be proportional or range-graded variations.
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- Physical maps display the physical distance between genes and can be constructed using cytogenetic, radiation hybrid, or sequence mapping.
- There are three methods used to create a physical map: cytogenetic mapping, radiation hybrid mapping, and sequence mapping.
- Sequence mapping resulted from DNA sequencing technology that allowed for the creation of detailed physical maps with distances measured in terms of the number of base pairs.
- Genetic maps provide the outline and physical maps provide the details.
- Describe the methods used to physically map genes: cytogenetic mapping, radiation hybrid mapping, and sequence mapping