Civil Service Reform Act

Examples of Civil Service Reform Act in the following topics:

• Corruption and Reform: Hayes to Harrison

  • The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act in ended the spoils system at the federal level in 1883.
  • Civil Service Reform in the U.S. was a major national issue in the late 1800s a major state issue in the early 1900s.
  • Garfield by a rejected office-seeker in 1881, the call for civil service reform intensified.
  • The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act in ended the spoils system at the federal level in 1883 and created a bipartisan Civil Service Commission to evaluate job candidates on a nonpartisan merit basis.
  • Before the Civil Service Reform Act (Pendleton Act) was passed in 1883, civil service appointments were given based on a patronage system; that is, those who were loyal to an individual or party were rewarded with government jobs.

• Bureaucratic Reform

  • The five important civil service reforms were the two Tenure of Office Acts of 1820 and 1867, the Pendleton Act of 1883, the Hatch Acts (1939 and 1940), and the Civil Service Reform Act (CSRA) of 1978.
  • In 1801, President Thomas Jefferson, alarmed that Federalists dominated the civil service and the army, identified the party affiliation of office holders, and systematically appointed Republicans.
  • The Civil Service Reform Act (the Pendleton Act) is an 1883 federal law that established the United States Civil Service Commission.
  • One result of this reform was more expertise and less politics among members of the civil service.
  • Describe the key moments in the history of bureaucratic reform, including the Tenure of Office Acts, the Pendleton Act, the Hatch Acts, and the Civil Service Reform Acts.

• Civil Service Reform

  • The Stalwarts, a faction of the Republican Party in the late nineteenth century, opposed civil service reform and favored machine politics.
  • Civil service reform in the United States was a major national issue in the late 1800s and a major state issue in the early 1900s.
  • The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act (ch. 27, 22 Stat. 403) of the United States is a federal law established in 1883 that stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit.
  • The Pendleton Act served as a response to the massive public support of civil service reform that grew following President Garfield's assassination.
  • Despite his previous support of the patronage system, Arthur, nevertheless, became an ardent supporter of civil service reform as president.

• Garfield and Arthur

  • Nevertheless, the new civil service reform continued to chip away at the Republican patronage machine after Custom House employees were found to have improperly assessed fines against an importing company in 1874.
  • The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act (ch. 27, 22 Stat. 403) of the United States is a federal law established in 1883 that stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit.
  • The Pendleton Act served as a response to the massive public support of civil service reform that grew following President Garfield's assassination.
  • Despite his previous support of the patronage system, Arthur, nevertheless, became an ardent supporter of civil service reform as president.
  • Assess the significance of civil service reform under the Garfield and Arthur administrations

• Conclusion: The Successes and Failures of Progressivism

  • Political corruption was a central issue, which reformers hoped to solve through civil-service reforms at the national, state, and local levels, replacing political hacks with professional technocrats.
  • The 1883 Civil Service Reform Act (or Pendleton Act), which placed most federal employees on the merit system and marked the end of the so-called "spoils system," permitted the professionalization and rationalization of the federal administration.
  • As a result, the spoils system survived much longer in many states, counties, and municipalities; for example, the Tammany Hall ring, survived well into the 1930s when New York City reformed its own civil service.
  • Illinois modernized its bureaucracy in 1917 under Frank Lowden, but Chicago held out against civil-service reform until the 1970s.
  • Civil rights and Progressive reforms were thus mostly exclusionary projects that had little real influence on each other in the early twentieth century.

• Termination

  • Bureaucratic reform includes the history of civil service reform and efforts to curb or eliminate excessive bureaucratic red tape.
  • The Pendleton Civil Service Reform of United States is a federal law established in 1883 that stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit.
  • Civil service reform is a deliberate action to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, professionalism, representation and democratic character of a bureaucracy, with a view to promoting better delivery of public goods and services, with increased accountability.
  • Important differences between developing countries and developed countries require that civil service and other reforms first rolled out in developed countries be carefully adapted to local conditions in developing countries.
  • The Pendleton Civil Service Reform of United States is a federal law established in 1883 that stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit.

• Republican Reform Under Harrison

  • Civil service reform, pension reform, and the "Billion Dollar Congress" characterized the Harrison administration's Republican reforms.
  • Civil service reform was a prominent issue following Harrison's election.
  • Although some U.S. civil service jobs had been classified under the Pendleton Act by previous administrations, Harrison spent much of his first months in office deciding on political appointments.
  • Harrison appointed Theodore Roosevelt and Hugh Smith Thompson, both reformers, to the Civil Service Commission, but otherwise did little to further the reform cause.
  • In addition to providing pensions to disabled Civil War veterans, regardless of the cause of their disability, the act depleted some of the troublesome federal budget surplus.

• Jackson's Appointments and Rivalries

  • By the late 1860s, however, reformers began demanding a civil-service system.
  • Garfield by a rejected office-seeker in 1881, the calls for civil service reform intensified.
  • The end of the spoils system at the federal level eventually came with the passage of the Pendleton Act in 1883, which created a bipartisan Civil Service Commission to evaluate job candidates on a nonpartisan merit basis.
  • The separation between political activity and the civil service was made even stronger with the Hatch Act of 1939, which prohibited federal employees from engaging in many political activities.
  • The Tammany Hall ring survived well into the 1930s, until New York City reformed its civil service.

• Civil Rights of People with Disabilities

  • Disabled Americans face limited access to public places and institutions that civil rights legislation seeks to address.
  • The disability rights movement became organized in the 1960s, concurrent with the African-American civil rights movement and feminist movement.
  • Prior to the 1960s, individual disability groups had advocated for social reform; schools for the deaf and blind were organized as early as 1817, and the American Federation of the Physically Handicapped was formed in 1940 to advocate on behalf of people with physical limitations.
  • The act provided comprehensive civil rights protections modeled after the Civil Rights Act.
  • The act also mandated the accessibility of public transportation, communication, and other publicly provided services.

• The Reforms of 1995

  • This law was then amended substantially by the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007.
  • Failing to do so is punishable by a civil fine of up to $50,000.
  • The Clerk and Secretary must refer any acts of non-compliance to the United States Attorney for the District of Columbia.
  • A person or entity whose employees act as lobbyists on its own behalf is both a client and an employer of such employees....".
  • Summarize the content and effectiveness of the lobbying reforms of 1995