Charlemagne

Examples of Charlemagne in the following topics:

• The Rise of Charlemagne

  • Charlemagne was the oldest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon.
  • The ambassadors met at Thionville, and Charlemagne upheld the pope's side.
  • Charlemagne built a new camp at Karlstadt.
  • Through these conquests Charlemagne united Europe and spread Christianity.
  • Shown here, the pope asks Charlemagne for help at a meeting near Rome.

• The Coronation of 800 CE

  • Charlemagne reached the height of his power in 800 when he was crowned Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day at Old St.
  • Charlemagne, advised by scholar Alcuin of York, travelled to Rome in November 800 and held a council on December 1.
  • [Pope Leo III and Charlemagne], like their predecessors, held the Roman Empire to be one and indivisible, and proposed by the coronation of [Charlemagne] not to proclaim a severance of the East and West.
  • However, Charlemagne made no claim to the Byzantine Empire.
  • The title was revived when Otto I was crowned emperor in 962, fashioning himself as the successor of Charlemagne.

• Charlemagne's Reforms

  • As emperor, Charlemagne stood out for his many reforms—monetary, governmental, military, cultural, and ecclesiastical.
  • Charlemagne had an important role in determining the immediate economic future of Europe.
  • Unlike his father, Pepin, and uncle Carloman, Charlemagne expanded the reform program of the church.
  • Legally, Charlemagne exercised the bannum, the right to rule and command, over all of his territories.
  • The Frankish kingdom was subdivided by Charlemagne into three separate areas to make administration easier.

• Carolingian Painting in the Early European Middle Ages

  • Various forms of Carolingian artwork consist of frescoes and mosaics that reached a pinnacle of production under the reign of Charlemagne.
  • Carolingian art comes from the Frankish Empire in the period of roughly 120 years from about 780 to 900 CE — during the reign of Charlemagne and his immediate heirs — popularly known as the Carolingian Renaissance.
  • Various forms of Carolingian painting also includes frescoes that reached a pinnacle of production under the reign of Charlemagne.
  • A villa to which the oratory of the Palatine Chapel was attached belonged to Bishop Theodulf of Orléans, a key associate of Charlemagne.

• Rise of the Holy Roman Empire

  • In 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne Emperor of the Romans, reviving the title in Western Europe after more than three centuries.
  • The title was revived again in 962 when Otto I was crowned emperor, fashioning himself as the successor of Charlemagne and beginning a continuous existence of the empire for over eight centuries.
  • Some historians refer to the coronation of Charlemagne as the origin of the empire, while others prefer the coronation of Otto I as its beginning.
  • After Charlemagne died in 814, the imperial crown was disputed among the Carolingian rulers of Western Francia and Eastern Francia, with first the western king (Charles the Bald) and then the eastern (Charles the Fat) attaining the prize.
  • Otto's coronation as emperor marked the German kings as successors to the empire of Charlemagne, which through the concept of translatio imperii also made them consider themselves successors to Ancient Rome.

• The End of the Carolingians

  • The dynasty reached its peak with the crowning of Charlemagne as the first emperor in the west in over three centuries.
  • In 813, Charlemagne called Louis the Pious, king of Aquitaine and his only surviving legitimate son, to his court.
  • There Charlemagne crowned his son with his own hands as co-emperor and sent him back to Aquitaine.
  • Charlemagne, who was crowned Emperor by Pope Leo III at Rome in 800, was the greatest Carolingian monarch.

• Carolingian Illustrated Books in the Early European Middle Ages

  • The earliest workshop was the Court School of Charlemagne, then the Rheimsian workshop (which became the most influential of the Carolingian period), the Touronian style, the Drogo style, and the Court School of Charles II (the Bald).
  • The Court School of Charlemagne (also known as the Ada School) produced the earliest manuscripts, including the Godescalc Evangelistary (781–783), the Lorsch Gospels (778–820, ), the Ada Gospels, the Soissons Gospels, the Harley Golden Gospels (800-820), and the Vienna Coronation Gospels.
  • The Court School of Charlemagne initiated a revival of Roman classicism, yet still maintained Migration-Period artistic (Merovingian and Insular) traditions in their linear presentation, with no concern for volume and spatial relationships.
  • Finally Charles the Bald established a Court School that fused Touronian, Rhemsian, and Charlemagne Court School styles.
  • The Lorsch Gospels reflect its origin in the Court School of Charlemagne with its Late Antiquity Imperial scenes adapted to a Christian theme.

• The Emperor Irene

  • She negotiated a marriage between her son Constantine and Rotrude, a daughter of Charlemagne by his third wife Hildegard.
  • During this time Charlemagne was at war with the Saxons, and would later become the new king of the Franks.
  • In 800, Charlemagne was crowned Emperor by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day.
  • The clergy and nobles attending the ceremony proclaimed Charlemagne as "Emperor of the Roman Empire."
  • However, Charlemagne made no claim to the Byzantine Empire.

• Carolingian Metalwork in the Early European Middle Ages

  • Under Charlemagne, there was a revival of large-scale bronze casting in imitation of Roman designs, although metalwork in gold continued to develop.

• Faith in the Face of Suffering

  • The Holy Roman Empire existed for almost 850 years, starting with the reign of Charlemagne in 962.